Physical Activity, Genetic Susceptibility, and the Risk of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults and Type 2 Diabetes
Hjort, Rebecka; Ahlqvist, Emma; Andersson, Tomas; Alfredsson, Lars; Carlsson, Per-Ola; Grill, Valdemar Erik Robert; Groop, Leif; Martinell, Mats; Sørgjerd, Elin Pettersen; Tuomi, Tiinamaija; Åsvold, Bjørn Olav; Carlsson, Sofia
Peer reviewed, Journal article
Published version
View/ Open
Date
2020Metadata
Show full item recordCollections
Original version
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2020, 105 (11), . 10.1210/clinem/dgaa549Abstract
Purpose
Physical activity (PA) has been linked to a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes by reducing weight and improving insulin sensitivity. We investigated whether PA is associated with a lower incidence of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and whether the association is modified by genotypes of human leukocyte antigen (HLA), transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2)-rs7903146, or the fat mass and obesity-associated gene, FTO-rs9939609.
Methods
We combined data from a Swedish case-control study and a Norwegian prospective study including 621 incident cases of LADA and 3596 cases of type 2 diabetes. We estimated adjusted pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% CI of diabetes in relation to high (≥ 30 minutes of moderate activity 3 times/week) self-reported leisure time PA, compared to sedentariness.
Results
High PA was associated with a reduced risk of LADA (RR 0.61; CI, 0.43-0.86), which was attenuated after adjustment for body mass index (BMI) (RR 0.90; CI, 0.63-1.29). The reduced risk applied only to noncarriers of HLA-DQB1 and -DRB1 (RR 0.49; CI, 0.33-0.72), TCF7L2 (RR 0.62; CI, 0.45-0.87), and FTO (RR 0.51; CI, 0.32-0.79) risk genotypes. Adjustment for BMI attenuated but did not eliminate these associations. For type 2 diabetes, there was an inverse association with PA (RR 0.49; CI, 0.42-0.56), irrespective of genotype.
Main Conclusions
Our findings indicate that high PA is associated with a reduced risk of LADA in individuals without genetic susceptibility.