• Ice management and design philosophy 

      Ruud, Stian Knud; Skjetne, Roger (Chapter, 2018)
      Ice management (IM) is defined as all activities carried out with the objective of mitigating hazardous situations by reducing or avoiding actions from any kind of ice feature to a protected unit (e.g. a drilling vessel) ...
    • Ice Navigation in Arctic Offshore Wind Parks: Traffic Coordination Using Route Exchange and Moving Havens 

      Porathe, Stig Thomas (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      New areas for the production of fossil-free renewable offshore energy production are planned in Arctic waters in the Bay of Bothnia, in the very north of the Baltic Sea between Sweden and Finland. These are waters normally ...
    • Ice particles sink below the water surface due to a balance of salt, van der Waals and buoyancy forces 

      Thiyam, Priyadarshini; Fiedler, Johannes; Buhmann, Stefan Yoshi; Persson, Clas; Brevik, Iver Håkon; Boström, Mathias; Parsons, Drew F. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      According to the classical Archimedes’ principle, ice floats in water and has a fraction of its volume above the water surface. However, for very small ice particles, other competing forces such as van der Waals forces due ...
    • Ice rose diagrams for probabilistic characterization of the ice drift behavior in the Beaufort Sea 

      Sinsabvarodom, Chana; Chai, Wei; Leira, Bernt Johan; Høyland, Knut Vilhelm; Næss, Arvid (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
    • Ice thickness estimates for design of structures 

      Høyland, Knut Vilhelm; Hornnes, Vegard; Salganik, Evgenii; Samardžija, Ilija (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      The level ice thickness is perhaps the most important ice property in both engineering and geophysics. Ice action from level ice scales almost linearly with ice thickness and the level ice thickness gives the mode in ice ...
    • Ice-induced vibrations of the Norströmsgrund lighthouse 

      Nord, Torodd Skjerve; Samardzija, Ilija; Hendrikse, Hayo; Bjerkås, Morten; Høyland, Knut Vilhelm; Li, Hongtao (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      The signature and occurrence of frequency lock-in (FLI) vibrations of full-scale offshore structures are not well understood. Although several structures have experienced FLI, limited amounts of time histories of the ...
    • Iceberg ploughmarks illuminated by shallow gas in the central North Sea 

      Haavik, Kjetil Eik; Landrø, Martin (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014)
      Conventional 3D seismic data provides direct evidence for glacial influence during the early Pleistocenesedimentation in the Central North Sea. We identify iceberg ploughmarks as dim linear to curve-linearfeatures in three ...
    • Icebreakers - Visionary men and the visualization of climate change 

      Gjelsvik, Anne; Cumming, Torr (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      When summing up the current state of affairs when it comes climate change awareness, author Eugene Linden stated that climate warnings are ‘heard, but not listened to’ (Linden 2015). In this article we discuss how, and to ...
    • Iceland 

      Stefansson, Thorarinn; Karlsdottir, Ragnheidur (Chapter, 2017)
      Teaching children to read and write at home has been a general custom in Iceland from at least as early as the sixteenth century (Thorláksson 2003, pp. 186, 386). However, the development of a primary school system did not ...
    • Icing Detection and Identification for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles using Adaptive Nested Multiple Models 

      Cristofaro, Andrea; Aguiar, A. P.; Johansen, Tor Arne (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      A multiple-model approach for icing diagnosis and identification in small unmanned aerial vehicles is proposed. The accretion of ice layers on wings and control surfaces modifies the shape of the aircraft and, consequently, ...
    • Icing Detection for Small Fixed Wing UAVs using Inflight Aerodynamic Coefficient Estimation 

      Wenz, Andreas Wolfgang; Johansen, Tor Arne (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      In cold and humid environments, airfoil icing is a major hindrance to UAV operations. Airfoil icing increases the aerodynamic drag coefficient, while reducing the maximum lift coefficient and the stall angle. This results ...
    • Icing detection for small fixed wing UAVs using inflight aerodynamic coefficient estimation 

      Wenz, Andreas Wolfgang; Johansen, Tor Arne (Chapter, 2016)
      We propose a method to detect icing of the airfoil of a fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle by using an aerodynamic coefficient estimator and ambient temperature and humidity sensors. The estimator uses the information ...
    • Icing diagnosis in unmanned aerial vehicles using an LPV multiple model estimator 

      Rotondo, Damiano; Cristofaro, Andrea; Hassani, Vahid; Johansen, Tor Arne (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      The phenomenon of icing, i.e. ice accretion on aircraft surfaces, affects the flight performance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Autonomous icing detection schemes are needed in order to assure high efficiency and limit ...
    • ICNIRP Note: Critical Evaluation of Two Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Animal Carcinogenicity Studies Published in 2018 

      Croft, Rodney; Feychting, Maria; Green, Adele C.; Hirata, Akimasa; d'Inzeo, Guglielmo; Marino, Carmela; Miller, Sharon; Oftedal, Gunnhild; Okuno, Tsutomu; van Rongen, Eric; Röösli, Martin; Sienkiewicz, Zenon; Watanabe, Soichi (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Final results are now available from two large animal studies that investigated whether long-term exposure to radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) associated with mobile (or cell) phones or base stations is ...
    • Iconicity as Multimodal, Polysemiotic, and Plurifunctional 

      Hodge, Gabrielle; Ferrara, Lindsay Nicole (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Investigations of iconicity in language, whereby interactants coordinate meaningful bodily actions to create resemblances, are prevalent across the human communication sciences. However, when it comes to analysing and ...
    • Icotinib is an active treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer: A retrospective study 

      Chen, X; Zhu, Q; Liu, Y; Liu, P; Yin, Y; Guo, R; Lu, K; Gu, Y; Liu, L; Wang, J; Wang, Z; Røe, Oluf Dimitri; Shu, Y; Zhu, L (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014)
      Background Icotinib hydrochloride is a novel epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with preclinical and clinical activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This retrospective ...
    • ICT of the New Wave of Computing for Sustainable Urban Forms: Their Big Data and Context–Aware Augmented Typologies and Design Concepts 

      Bibri, Simon Elias; Krogstie, John (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      Undoubtedly, sustainable development has inspired a generation of scholars and practitioners in different disciplines into a quest for the immense opportunities created by the development of sustainable urban forms for ...
    • ICT-based challenges of repurposing a single-campus course to multi-campus settings: a pragmatic case study 

      Bahmani, Abdullah; Hjelsvold, Rune; Krogstie, Birgit Rognebakke (Chapter, 2019)
      Studies show that the integration of ICT in education is suffering from some barriers at student, teacher, and university level. This also holds for multi-campus education, as ICT is one of the main ingredients for sharing ...
    • ID22 - the high-resolution powder-diffraction beamline at ESRF 

      Fitch, Andrew; Dejoie, Catherine; Covazzi, Ezio; Confalonieri, Giorgia; Grendal, Ola Gjønnes; Claustre, Laurent; Guillou, Perceval; Kieffer, Jerome; de Nolf, Wout; Petitdemange, Sebastien; Ruat, Marie; Watier, Yves (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Following Phase 2 of the upgrade of the ESRF in which the storage ring was replaced by a new low-emittance ring along with many other facility upgrades, the status of ID22, the high-resolution powder-diffraction beamline, ...
    • IDC Methods into Industry and Innovation 

      Read, Janet C.; Fitton, Daniel; Gavin, Sim; Bjorklund, Martha; Giannakos, Michail; Clarke, Suzanne; van Mechelen, Maarten; Borum, Nanna; Perry, Steve (Chapter, 2019)
      The Interaction Design and Children (IDC) Community has a long history of innovating methods and techniques for the design and evaluation of technologies for children. Many innovations have been reported in the academic ...