Understanding the causes and limits of population divergence in phenotypic traits is a fundamental aim of evolutionary biology, with the potential to yield predictions of adaptation to environmental change. Reciprocal ...

Neuro-inspired models and systems have great potential for applications in unconventional computing. Often, the mechanisms of biological neurons are modeled or mimicked in simulated or physical systems in an attempt to ...

This paper looks beyond more traditional evaluation activities to focus primarily on evaluation up front. It suggests that the early appraisal of an investment case or a project should apply essentially the same evaluation ...

Background Metabolic syndrome substantially increases risk of cardiovascular events. It is therefore imperative to develop or optimize ways to prevent or attenuate this condition. Exercise training has been long recognized ...

In this paper, exact solutions to the problem of acoustic scattering by elastic spherical symmetric scatterers are developed. The scatterer may consist of an arbitrary number of fluid and solid layers, and scattering with ...

Permeation of compounds through membranes is important in biological and engineering processes, e.g., drug delivery through lipid bilayers, anesthetics, or chemical reactor design. Simulations at the atomic scale can provide ...

The item-sharing and crowdshipping problem combines two concepts of the sharing economy, namely item-sharing and crowdshipping. Item-sharing is about renting items among members of a sharing community. Crowdshipping addresses ...

Objectives The primary aim was to compare physiological and perceptual outcome parameters identified at common gas exchange and blood lactate (BLa) thresholds in Paralympic athletes while upper-body poling. The secondary ...