Key Lesson Regarding Project Delivery Model(PDM) in Mega Suspension Bridge Projects, Case Study: PPP in 1915Çanakkale Bridge Project

Abstract

This master’s thesis explores the realm of mega infrastructure projects, specifically examining the 1915 Çanakkale Bridge project in Turkey as a case study. The study’s motivation arises from the Norwegian Public Road Administration’s (NPRA) endeavors to develop the Coastal Highway Route E39, with a particular focus on the E39 Stord-Os (Hordfast) project, which involves constructing suspension bridges of immense scale and complexity. The choice of Project Delivery Model (PDM) for such projects significantly impacts their success, and this research aims to bridge the knowledge gap in the Norwegian context regarding the application of specific PDMs in mega suspension bridge projects.The main objective of this research is to extract key lessons from international experiences in the delivery process of mega suspension bridge projects, elucidating how distinct PDM characteristics influence project performance at different stages. The scope of the research encompasses the entire project delivery process, excluding the operation phase, with a primary focus on the bridge portion of the 1915 Çanakkale project. Research methodology involves extensive literature review, document analysis, and interviews with key project stakeholders. The research discusses multiple uncertainties inherent in large-scale infrastructure projects like the 1915 Çanakkale Bridge, encompassing financial complexities, technical intricacies, environmental considerations, construction uncertainties, and unforeseen events such as the Covid-19 pandemic. The study underscores the critical role of financial management and accurate cost assessments in mega-projects, emphasizing the need for collaboration with international lenders and banks in public-private partnerships (PPPs). Innovation in design and construction methods is vital for projects of this magnitude, but site-specific challenges and changing specifications can lead to delays and increased costs. The Covid-19 pandemic, classified as a force majeure event, introduced unexpected obstacles, affecting project timelines, costs, and workforce management. Harsh weather conditions in the Çanakkale Strait, coupled with diverse stakeholder collaboration, further added to the project’s complexities. Global supply chain issues, safety concerns, heavy lifting operations, and time management were additional sources of uncertainty regarding project execution. Safety considerations were paramount, and the lifting, transportation, and assembly of substantial components demanded meticulous planning. Effective time management was central to project success, given the potential for delays from various sources. The process of the project underscores a series of invaluable lessons applicable not only to infrastructure development but to diverse fields. The project’s capacity to anticipate and plan for diverse uncertainties proved pivotal in mitigating i ii potential disruptions, highlighting the significance of meticulous risk assessment and robust risk management strategies. Transparent and collaborative communication among stakeholders, particularly in culturally diverse environments, is essential for project success, and trust-based relationships and transparent channels fostered efficient interdisciplinary teamwork. The project’s adaptability to changing circumstances, whether due to unforeseen events or design modifications, played a crucial role in maintaining timelines and budgets. Collaborative efforts among various teams with distinct expertise were instrumental in addressing the complex nature of mega-projects, emphasizing the importance of fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. Strategic procurement routes and partnering with experienced entities mitigated uncertainties related to material quality and timely delivery. Well-structured agreement formats that allocate risks effectively and align with project realities are crucial. Adherence to contractual obligations and standardized contract methodologies facilitated smooth project execution. Integrating sustainability considerations, including environmental and social standards, not only ensures long-term benefits but also enhances project quality and eligibility for international funding.

• Keywords: Project Delivery Model, Public Private Partnership, Build Operate Transfer, Uncertainty, Project Performance, 1915 Çanakkale project, Cultural Diversity, EPC Contractor, SPV Company, Joint Venture, Financial Close, Suspension Bridge, Organization Form, Project Structure, Specification, Procurement Route, Agreement Format

This master’s thesis explores the realm of mega infrastructure projects, specifically examining the 1915 Çanakkale Bridge project in Turkey as a case study. The study’s motivation arises from the Norwegian Public Road Administration’s (NPRA) endeavors to develop the Coastal Highway Route E39, with a particular focus on the E39 Stord-Os (Hordfast) project, which involves constructing suspension bridges of immense scale and complexity. The choice of Project Delivery Model (PDM) for such projects significantly impacts their success, and this research aims to bridge the knowledge gap in the Norwegian context regarding the application of specific PDMs in mega suspension bridge projects.The main objective of this research is to extract key lessons from international experiences in the delivery process of mega suspension bridge projects, elucidating how distinct PDM characteristics influence project performance at different stages. The scope of the research encompasses the entire project delivery process, excluding the operation phase, with a primary focus on the bridge portion of the 1915 Çanakkale project. Research methodology involves extensive literature review, document analysis, and interviews with key project stakeholders. The research discusses multiple uncertainties inherent in large-scale infrastructure projects like the 1915 Çanakkale Bridge, encompassing financial complexities, technical intricacies, environmental considerations, construction uncertainties, and unforeseen events such as the Covid-19 pandemic. The study underscores the critical role of financial management and accurate cost assessments in mega-projects, emphasizing the need for collaboration with international lenders and banks in public-private partnerships (PPPs). Innovation in design and construction methods is vital for projects of this magnitude, but site-specific challenges and changing specifications can lead to delays and increased costs. The Covid-19 pandemic, classified as a force majeure event, introduced unexpected obstacles, affecting project timelines, costs, and workforce management. Harsh weather conditions in the Çanakkale Strait, coupled with diverse stakeholder collaboration, further added to the project’s complexities. Global supply chain issues, safety concerns, heavy lifting operations, and time management were additional sources of uncertainty regarding project execution. Safety considerations were paramount, and the lifting, transportation, and assembly of substantial components demanded meticulous planning. Effective time management was central to project success, given the potential for delays from various sources. The process of the project underscores a series of invaluable lessons applicable not only to infrastructure development but to diverse fields. The project’s capacity to anticipate and plan for diverse uncertainties proved pivotal in mitigating i ii potential disruptions, highlighting the significance of meticulous risk assessment and robust risk management strategies. Transparent and collaborative communication among stakeholders, particularly in culturally diverse environments, is essential for project success, and trust-based relationships and transparent channels fostered efficient interdisciplinary teamwork. The project’s adaptability to changing circumstances, whether due to unforeseen events or design modifications, played a crucial role in maintaining timelines and budgets. Collaborative efforts among various teams with distinct expertise were instrumental in addressing the complex nature of mega-projects, emphasizing the importance of fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. Strategic procurement routes and partnering with experienced entities mitigated uncertainties related to material quality and timely delivery. Well-structured agreement formats that allocate risks effectively and align with project realities are crucial. Adherence to contractual obligations and standardized contract methodologies facilitated smooth project execution. Integrating sustainability considerations, including environmental and social standards, not only ensures long-term benefits but also enhances project quality and eligibility for international funding.

• Keywords: Project Delivery Model, Public Private Partnership, Build Operate Transfer, Uncertainty, Project Performance, 1915 Çanakkale project, Cultural Diversity, EPC Contractor, SPV Company, Joint Venture, Financial Close, Suspension Bridge, Organization Form, Project Structure, Specification, Procurement Route, Agreement Format