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Impact of the Rotavirus Vaccination Program in Norway After Four Years With High Coverage

Bruun, Tone; Valcarcel Salamanca, Beatriz; Bekkevold, Terese; Døllner, Henrik; Gibory, Moustafa; Gilje, Ann Marit; Haarr, Elisebet; Kran, Anne-Marte Bakken; Leegaard, Truls Michael; Nakstad, Britt; Nordbø, Svein Arne; Rojahn, Astrid; Størdal, Ketil; Flem, Elmira
Peer reviewed, Journal article
Published version
Åpne
Bruun (Låst)
Permanent lenke
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2780313
Utgivelsesdato
2020
Metadata
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  • Institutt for klinisk og molekylær medisin [2656]
  • Publikasjoner fra CRIStin - NTNU [26746]
  • Publikasjoner fra Cristin - St. Olavs hospital [776]
  • St. Olavs hospital [1314]
Originalversjon
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 2020, .   10.1097/INF.0000000000003020
Sammendrag
Background:

Use of rotavirus vaccines worldwide since 2006 has led to a significant impact on the burden of rotavirus disease. However, only a third of European countries have introduced rotavirus vaccination in their immunization programs. In October 2014, rotavirus vaccination was introduced for Norwegian infants under strict age restrictions. Exclusive use of the monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) and high vaccination coverage from the beginning enabled evaluation of the impact of this vaccine during the first 4 years after introduction.

Methods:

Prospective laboratory-based surveillance among children <5 years of age hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis at 5 Norwegian hospitals was used to assess the vaccine effectiveness of 2 vaccine doses against rotavirus hospitalization in a case-control study. We used community controls selected from the national population-based immunization registry, and test-negative controls recruited through hospital surveillance. We also assessed the vaccine impact by using time-series analysis of retrospectively collected registry data on acute gastroenteritis in primary and hospital care during 2009–2018.

Results:

Vaccine effectiveness against rotavirus-confirmed hospitalization was 76% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 34%–91%) using test-negative controls, and 75% (95% CI: 44%–88%) using community controls. In the postvaccine period, acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations in children <5 years were reduced by 45% compared with the prevaccine years (adjusted incidence rate ratios 0.55; 95% CI: 0.49–0.61). Reduction in hospitalizations was also seen in cohorts not eligible for vaccination. Rates in primary care decreased to a lesser degree.

Conclusions:

Four years after introduction of rotavirus vaccination in the national childhood immunization program, we recorded a substantial reduction in the number of children hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis in Norway, attributable to a high vaccine effectiveness.
Utgiver
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
Tidsskrift
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
Opphavsrett
This version of the article will not be available due to copyright restrictions by Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins

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