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dc.contributor.authorRosendahl, Karen
dc.contributor.authorLundestad, Anette
dc.contributor.authorBjørlykke, John Asle
dc.contributor.authorLein, Regina Küfner
dc.contributor.authorAngenete, Oskar W
dc.contributor.authorAugdal, Thomas Angell
dc.contributor.authorMüller, Lil-Sofie Ording
dc.contributor.authorJaramillo, Diego
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-02T13:05:12Z
dc.date.available2021-02-02T13:05:12Z
dc.date.created2020-11-17T16:40:40Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.citationPLOS ONE. 2020, 15:e0241635 (11), 1-13.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2725829
dc.description.abstractBackground Imaging for osteoporosis has two major aims, first, to identify the presence of low bone mass (osteopenia), and second, to quantify bone mass using semiquantitative (conventional radiography) or quantitative (densitometry) methods. In young children, densitometry is hampered by the lack of reference values, and high-quality radiographs still play a role although the evaluation of osteopenia as a marker for osteoporosis is subjective and based on personal experience. Medical experts questioned in court over child abuse, often refer to the literature and state that 20–40% loss of bone mass is warranted before osteopenia becomes evident on radiographs. In our systematic review, we aimed at identifying evidence underpinning this statement. A secondary outcome was identifying normal references for cortical thickness of the skeleton in infants born term, < 2 years of age. Methods We undertook systematic searches in Medline, Embase and Svemed+, covering 1946–2020. Unpublished material was searched in Clinical trials and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). Both relevant subject headings and free text words were used for the following concepts: osteoporosis or osteopenia, radiography, children up to 6 years. Results A total 5592 publications were identified, of which none met the inclusion criteria for the primary outcome; the degree of bone loss warranted before osteopenia becomes visible radiographically. As for the secondary outcome, 21 studies were identified. None of the studies was true population based and none covered the pre-defined age range from 0–2 years. However, four studies of which three having a crossectional and one a longitudinal design, included newborns while one study included children 0–2 years. Conclusions Despite an extensive literature search, we did not find any studies supporting the assumption that a 20–40% bone loss is required before osteopenia becomes visible on radiographs. Reference values for cortical thickness were sparse. Further studies addressing this important topic are warranted.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleRevisiting the radiographic assessment of osteoporosis-Osteopenia in children 0-2 years of age. A systematic reviewen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.source.pagenumber1-13en_US
dc.source.volume15:e0241635en_US
dc.source.journalPLOS ONEen_US
dc.source.issue11en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0241635
dc.identifier.cristin1848909
dc.description.localcode© 2020 Rosendahl et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are crediteden_US
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal