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dc.contributor.advisorJohansen, Tor Arne
dc.contributor.authorBø, Torstein Ingebrigtsen
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-16T14:09:14Z
dc.date.available2016-03-16T14:09:14Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.identifier.isbn978-82-326-1435-6
dc.identifier.issn1503-8181
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2382342
dc.description.abstractDiesel electric propulsion has become the industry standard for e.g., oil and gass vessels, cruise vessels, ferries, and vessels with dynamic positioning (DP) systems. Diesel engines are paired with generators to produce electric energy, which is used by electric motors for propulsion of the vessel, and also by other consumers, such as hotel loads, drilling drives, cranes, and heave compensators. This system is reliable and efficient due to the flexibility of the electric grid. DP is often used as a motivating example in this thesis. The thrusters of a vessel using DP is used to fix the position and heading of the vessel. The power plant is operated with redundancy, as a single fault should not lead to loss of position. However, this redundancy decreases the efficiency of the power plant. This thesis presents new ideas and results on how to increase the efficiency of a hybrid power plant with diesel generator sets and batteries while maintaining the required safety level. A model of a marine vessel is presented in Chapter 2. This model includes the power plant, a hydrodynamic model, and control systems. The power plant includes generator sets, batteries, switchboards, thrusters, and hotel loads. Environmental loads are included in the hydrodynamic model, such as first and second order wave loads, mean and gusting wind, and ocean current, along with the hydrodynamic model of the vessel and the thrusters. The included control systems are a power management system, a DP-controller, thrust allocation, and low level controllers of producers and consumers. Earlier marine vessel simulators mainly focused on the hydrodynamic model or the power plant. However, the present model combines the three models, to investigate the complex integration and interaction effects between the models. These interaction effects are especially important when investigating the DP performance after faults in the power plant. Chapter 2 presents the models needed for this integration. Three simulation cases are presented, to shows that the simulator can capture the interaction effects. A simulation-based dynamic consequence analysis is presented in Chapter 3. The tool uses the simulator from Chapter 2 to simulate several possible worst case scenarios. This tool can be used by the operator to optimize the electric power plant configuration, and to show that no single failure lead to loss of position. The dynamic consequence analysis is necessary when stand-by generators are considered, as the vessel may lose position during the time from when the fault occurs until the plant fully recovers, even if the vessel maintains its position after recover. A scenario-based model predictive controller (MPC) is presented in Chapter 4. This controller uses fault scenarios, internally, to constrain the nominal trajectory, which is an alternative to conventional static safety constraints. The control of generator set speed of a marine power plant is used as a case study. Simulations show that fault scenarios can replace static safety constraints by using this controller. Chapter 5 presents a method to control peak-shaving. Peak-shaving by batteries is used to cancel out power fluctuations, which cause variations in the electric grid’s frequency. However, the batteries may get too hot if power demand is too large. The proposed controller, based on a power spectrum analysis and MPC, reduces the power fluctuations as much as possible without letting the battery get too hot. Simulations using data generated by the simulator in Chapter 2 showed that the controller can achieve these objectives as long as the characteristics of the load does not change too rapidly. Use of the vessel itself as energy storage during DP operation is explored in Chapter 6. A vessel oscillates about its mean position by reducing the thruster power when the total power demand of the vessel is high and increasing it during periods of low power consumption. An analytical formula for motion amplitude given by power amplitude is calculated in this chapter. The formula is compared with simulations, and the simulation results agreed with the formula. It is also shown that the resulting deviations in position from variations of several megawatts are no larger than typical position deviations from the dynamics of ocean waves and wind. The proposed models and controllers are demonstrated through simulations using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The MPC-based controllers are implemented in ACADO.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherNTNUnb_NO
dc.relation.ispartofseriesDoctoral thesis at NTNU;2016:47
dc.titleScenario- and Optimization-Based Control of Marine Electric Power Systemsnb_NO
dc.typeDoctoral thesisnb_NO
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Technology: 500::Information and communication technology: 550::Technical cybernetics: 553nb_NO


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