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dc.contributor.authorGustad, Lise
dc.contributor.authorBjerkeset, Ottar
dc.contributor.authorStrand, Linn B
dc.contributor.authorJanszky, Imre
dc.contributor.authorSalvesen, Øyvind
dc.contributor.authorDalen, Håvard
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-07T07:45:18Z
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-08T14:36:56Z
dc.date.available2016-03-07T07:45:18Z
dc.date.available2016-03-08T14:36:56Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.identifier.citationOpen heart 2016, 3(1)nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn2053-3624
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2381820
dc.description.abstractObjective: Symptoms of anxiety and depression often co-exist with cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet little is known about the association with left ventricular (LV) subclinical dysfunction. We aimed to study the cross-sectional associations of previous, current and repeated depression or anxiety symptoms, with sensitive indices of LV systolic and diastolic function, based on tissue Doppler (TD) and speckle tracking (ST) imaging methods. Methods: A random selection of 1296 individuals free from known CVD, hypertension and diabetes were examined with echocardiography at baseline of the third Nord-Trøndelag Health Study, (HUNT3, 2006–2008). The primary outcomes were LV diastolic function (e′) and LV systolic function (longitudinal global strain). The primary exposures were self-report on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Associations between outcomes and baseline exposures were available for 1034 (80%), and with previous and repeated exposures for 700 participants who also participated in HUNT2 (1995–1997). Results: Previous and repeated depression symptoms, but not current depression, were linearly associated with a reduction in e′. The average sum of two repeated HADS-D scores 10 years apart had the strongest effect on e′ (−8.3%; 95% CI −13.9% to −2.7%) per 5 units. We observed a sex difference between depression symptoms and longitudinal global strain (p for interaction 0.019), where women had a marginal negative effect. Anxiety symptoms, neither previous, current nor repeated were associated with subclinical LV dysfunction. Conclusions: In a healthy sample, confirmed free of CVD, past and repeated depression symptoms were associated with subclinical LV dysfunction. Thus, depression symptoms might represent a modifiable risk factor for future CVD.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherBMJ Publishing Groupnb_NO
dc.titleCardiac function associated with previous, current and repeated depression and anxiety symptoms in a healthy population: the HUNT study.nb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.typeJournal articleen_GB
dc.date.updated2016-03-07T07:45:18Z
dc.source.volume3nb_NO
dc.source.journalOpen heartnb_NO
dc.source.issue1nb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1136/openhrt-2015-000363
dc.identifier.cristin1342505
dc.description.localcodeThis is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/nb_NO


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