Browsing Institutt for naturhistorie by Document Types "Peer reviewed"
Now showing items 21-40 of 514
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Ancient and historical DNA in conservation policy
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)Although genetic diversity has been recognized as a key component of biodiversity since the first Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1993, it has rarely been included in conservation policies and regulations. Even ... -
Ancient and modern genomes unravel the evolutionary history of the rhinoceros family
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)Only five species of the once-diverse Rhinocerotidae remain, making the reconstruction of their evolutionary history a challenge to biologists since Darwin. We sequenced genomes from five rhinoceros species (three extinct ... -
Ancient and modern stickleback genomes reveal the demographic constraints on adaptation
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)Adaptation is typically studied by comparing modern populations with contrasting environments. Individuals persisting in the ancestral habitat are typically used to represent the ancestral founding population; however, it ... -
Ancient DNA from a lost Negev Highlands desert grape reveals a Late Antiquity wine lineage
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)Recent excavations of Late Antiquity settlements in the Negev Highlands of southern Israel uncovered a society that established commercial-scale viticulture in an arid environment [D. Fuks et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. ... -
Ancient DNA reveals the timing and persistence of organellar genetic bottlenecks over 3,000 years of sunflower domestication and improvement
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Here, we report a comprehensive paleogenomic study of archaeological and ethnographic sunflower remains that provides significant new insights into the process of domestication of this important crop. DNA from both ancient ... -
Ancient DNA suggests modern wolves trace their origin to a Late Pleistocene expansion from Beringia
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Grey wolves (Canis lupus) are one of the few large terrestrial carnivores that have maintained a wide geographical distribution across the Northern Hemisphere throughout the Pleistocene and Holocene. Recent genetic studies ... -
Ancient dolphin genomes reveal rapid repeated adaptation to coastal waters
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)Parallel evolution provides strong evidence of adaptation by natural selection due to local environmental variation. Yet, the chronology, and mode of the process of parallel evolution remains debated. Here, we harness the ... -
Ancient genomes from Iceland reveal the making of a human population
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)Opportunities to directly study the founding of a human population and its subsequent evolutionary history are rare. Using genome sequence data from 27 ancient Icelanders, we demonstrate that they are a combination of ... -
Ancient microRNA profiles of 14,300-yr-old canid samples confirm taxonomic origin and provide glimpses into tissue-specific gene regulation from the Pleistocene
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)DNA sequencing is the current key technology for historic or ancient biological samples and has led to many exciting discoveries in the field of paleogenomics. However, functional insights into tissue identity, cellular ... -
Ancient origin and maternal inheritance of blue cuckoo eggs
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016)Maternal inheritance via the female-specific W chromosome was long ago proposed as a potential solution to the evolutionary enigma of co-existing host-specific races (or ‘gentes’) in avian brood parasites. Here we report ... -
Ancient RNA from Late Pleistocene permafrost and historical canids shows tissue-specific transcriptome survival
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)While sequencing ancient DNA (aDNA) from archaeological material is now commonplace, very few attempts to sequence ancient transcriptomes have been made, even from typically stable deposition environments such as permafrost. ... -
An annotated checklist of bryophytes of Europe, Macaronesia and Cyprus
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)Introduction. Following on from work on the European bryophyte Red List, the taxonomically and nomenclaturally updated spreadsheets used for that project have been expanded into a new checklist for the bryophytes of ... -
Applied Uses of Ancient DNA
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021) -
Archival influenza virus genomes from Europe reveal genomic variability during the 1918 pandemic
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)The 1918 influenza pandemic was the deadliest respiratory pandemic of the 20th century and determined the genomic make-up of subsequent human influenza A viruses (IAV). Here, we analyze both the first 1918 IAV genomes from ... -
Arthonia toensbergii, a new lichenicolous fungus on Mycoblastus affinis from the boreal rainforests in Norway
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)Arthonia toensbergii is described from old-growth boreal rainforests in Norway. The new species parasitizes Mycoblastus affinis growing on branches and trunks of Picea abies. It can be recognised among related species by ... -
Arthoniaceae with reddish, K+ purple ascomata in Japan
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)Arthonia sanguinaria is described as new to science. The East Asian Arthonia lopingensis and the widely distributed Arthonia picea are reported as new to Japan from Honshu and the Ogasawara Islands, respectively. The ... -
The Arthropod Fauna of Oak (Quercus spp., Fagaceae) Canopies in Norway
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)(1) We document the invertebrate fauna collected from 24 oak canopies in east and west Norway as a contribution to the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre’s ‘The Norwegian Taxonomy Initiative’. (2) A snap-shot inventory ... -
Assessing sampling coverage of species distribution in biodiversity databases
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Aim Biodiversity databases are valuable resources for understanding plant species distributions and dynamics, but they may insufficiently represent the actual geographic distribution and climatic niches of species. Here ... -
Assessing spatial patterns of phylogenetic diversity of Mexican mammals for biodiversity conservation
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)Phylogenetic diversity is a biodiversity measurement that describes the amount of evolutionary history contained by the taxonomic units in a region. It has proven to be an important metric for determining conservation ... -
Assessing the genetic composition of cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) before sweeping anthropogenic impact
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)During the last century, the critically endangered cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus) has been threatened by multiple anthropogenic factors that drastically affected their habitat and population size. As the genetic ...