Arthoniaceae with reddish, K+ purple ascomata in Japan

Abstract

Arthonia sanguinaria is described as new to science. The East Asian Arthonia lopingensis and the widely distributed Arthonia picea are reported as new to Japan from Honshu and the Ogasawara Islands, respectively. The phylogenetic position of A. picea, A. sanguinaria and Coniocarpon cinnabarinum from the Ogasawara Islands is shown by RAxML and Bayesian analysis of mtSSU, nLSU and RPB2 sequence data. Our results confirm the polyphyletic origin of quinoid pigments in Arthoniaceae. A key is presented to the Arthoniaceae with reddish ascomata in Japan.