Negative Thermophoretic Force in the Strong Coupling Regime
Journal article, Peer reviewed
Accepted version
Åpne
Permanent lenke
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2629001Utgivelsesdato
2019Metadata
Vis full innførselSamlinger
- Institutt for lærerutdanning [3374]
- Publikasjoner fra CRIStin - NTNU [36890]
Originalversjon
10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.200602Sammendrag
Negative thermophoresis (a particle moving up the temperature gradient) is a somewhat counterintuitive phenomenon which has thus far eluded a simple thermostatistical description. The purpose of this Letter is to show that a thermodynamic framework based on the formulation of a Hamiltonian of mean force has the descriptive ability to capture this interesting and elusive phenomenon in an unusually elegant and straightforward fashion. We propose a mechanism that describes the advent of a thermophoretic force acting from cold to hot on systems that are strongly coupled to a nonisothermal heat bath. When a system is strongly coupled to the heat bath, the system’s eigenenergies Ej become effectively temperature dependent. This adjustment of the energy levels allows the system to take heat from the environment, +d, and return it as work, −d. This effect can make the temperature dependence of the effective energy profile nonmonotonic. As a result, particles may experience a force in either direction depending on the temperature. Negative Thermophoretic Force in the Strong Coupling Regime