Active Compressor Surge Control System Using Piston Actuation Theory, Design, and Experiments
Doctoral thesis
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http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2390176Utgivelsesdato
2016Metadata
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Sammendrag
This thesis presents a novel active compressor surge control system using piston actuation, and this system is called the piston-actuated active surge control system (PAASCS). This work addresses the development of PAASCS from the beginning to the experimental results, including system modeling, control design, system improvement, piston prototyping, laboratory test setup, system implementation, and experimental tests. The thesis is presented as a collection of papers, including seven conference papers and a journal paper.
The work began by developing a PAASCS model that is a modification of the Greitzer compressor model by including the effect of piston dynamics on the compression system. The resulting model was used in control design. Two control methods were initially applied in the control design. Applying the backstepping method proved that the closed-loop system was globally asymptotically stable (GAS), but the state feedback control law was too complicated and not practical to implement. Applying a linear control method to the linearized model resulted in a simple state feedback control law, but it only achieves locally asymptotic stability (Uddin and Gravdahl, 2011a).
The PAASCS performance was evaluated through simulations. Two problems were identified, and the solutions to these problems were presented. 1) The piston was drifting during the surge stabilization. The piston drift was solved by introducing integral control action to the PAASCS controller (Uddin and Gravdahl, 2011b). 2) There are possibilities for the piston to fail during the surge stabilization. Piston failures due to jamming and saturation were discussed. The simulation results showed that a piston failure results in a deep surge when the compressor operates in the stabilized surge area. A solution was presented by introducing a backup system that uses another surge control system. Two studies were performed that presented a blow-off system as a backup system for PAASCS (Uddin and Gravdahl, 2012a) and a surge avoidance system as a backup system for PAASCS (Uddin and Gravdahl, 2012c).
A novel approach to model a compression system from an energy flow perspective using bond graphs was presented. A compression system is modelled using bond graph. Energy flows among the components in the compression system are described in a bond graph model of the compression system. Two basic surge solutions were identified through analysing the bond graph model, and named the upstream energy injection and the downstream energy dissipation. The PAASCS is classified as downstream energy dissipation (Uddin and Gravdahl, 2012b, 2015).
Two novel state feedback control laws named the -control and the -control derived using Lyapunov based control method are presented for the upstream energy injection and the downstream energy dissipation, respectively. Both control laws guarantee that the closed-loop system is GAS (Uddin and Gravdahl, 2016a).
A laboratory-scale compressor test rig was constructed to experimentally examine the PAASCS. The PAASCS was applying the -control. The control algorithm was implemented in a Simulink model and embedded in a dSpace system to construct a hardware-in-loop simulation of compressor surge stabilization. The experimental test results demonstrated that the PAASCS is able to stabilize surge and prove the concept of PAASCS (Uddin and Gravdahl, 2016b).
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Paper A: N. Uddin and J.T. Gravdahl, "Compressor Surge Control Using Piston Actuation", published in the Proceedings of the ASME 2011 Dynamics System and Control Conference (DSCC 2011) Is not included due to copyrightPaper B: N. Uddin and J.T. Gravdahl, "Piston-Actuated Active Surge Control of Centrifugal Compressor Including Integral Action", published in the Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Control, Automation and System (ICCAS 2011) Is not included due to copyright
Paper C: N. Uddin and J.T. Gravdahl, "Introducing Back-up to Active Compressor Surge Control System", published in the Proceedings of the 2012 IFAC Workshop on Automatic Control in Offshore Oil and Gas Production http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20120531-2-NO-4020.00053 The article is reprinted with kind permission from Elsevier, sciencedirect.com
Paper D: N. Uddin and J.T. Gravdahl, "Bond graph modeling of centrifugal compressor systems", published in the Simulation: Transactions of the Society for Modeling and Simulation International 2015, Vol. 91(11) 998–1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549715612124
Paper E: N. Uddin and J.T. Gravdahl, "A Compressor Surge Control System: Combination Active Surge Control and Surge Avoidance", published in the Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Unsteady Aerodynamics, Aeroacoustics and Aeroelasticity of Turbomachines (ISUAAAT13)
Paper F: N. Uddin and J.T. Gravdahl, "Two General State Feedback Control Laws for Compressor Surge Stabilization" presented at "The 24th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation in Athens" http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MED.2016.7536063 (c) 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Paper G: N. Uddin and J.T. Gravdahl, "Active Compressor Surge Control System by Using Piston Actuation: Implementation and Experimental Results", http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.07.323 © 2016. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/