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Risk of developing tuberculosis after brief exposure in Norwegian children: results of a contact investigation

Døllner, Henrik; Ramm, Christina Terez; Harstad, Ingunn; Afset, Jan Egil; Sagvik, Eli
Journal article, Peer reviewed
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2365150
Date
2012
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  • Institutt for klinisk og molekylær medisin [2117]
  • Institutt for samfunnsmedisin og sykepleie [1815]
  • Publikasjoner fra CRIStin - NTNU [21869]
Original version
BMJ Open 2012, 2(6)   10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001816
Abstract
Objective: Prolonged exposure to adults with pulmonary tuberculosis is a risk factor for infecting children. We have studied to what extent a brief exposure may increase the risk of being infected in children.

Design: Observational study of a tuberculosis contact investigation.

Setting: 7 day-care centres and 4 after-school-care centres in Norway.

Participants: 606 1-year-old to 9-year-old children who were exposed briefly to a male Norwegian with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis.

Main outcome measures: Number of children with latent and active tuberculosis detected by routine clinical examination, chest x-ray and use of a Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) and an interferon-γ release assay (IGRA).

Results: The children were exposed to a mean of 6.9 h (range 3–18 h). 2–3 months after the exposure, 11 children (1.8%) had a TST ≥6 mm, 6 (1.0%) had TST 4–5 mm, and 587 (97.2%) had a negative TST result. Two children (0.3%) with negative chest x-rays who were exposed 4.75 and 12 h, respectively, had a positive IGRA test result, and were diagnosed with latent tuberculosis. None developed active tuberculosis.

Conclusions: Children from a high-income country attending day-care and after-school-care centres had low risk of being infected after brief exposure less than 18 h to an adult day-care helper with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis.
Publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
Journal
BMJ Open

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