• Bitcoin Unchained 

      Boyd, Colin Alexander; Carr, Christopher; Boyen, Xavier; Haines, Thomas (Journal article, 2017)
      Bitcoin’s distributed ledger is an innovative way of solving the double spending problem in a decentralised system. However, it causes incompressible transaction delays and incentivises consolidation of mining power. We ...
    • Key recovery: Inert and public 

      Boyd, Colin Alexander; Boyen, Xavier; Carr, Christopher; Haines, Thomas (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      We propose a public key infrastructure framework, inspired by modern distributed cryptocurrencies, that allows for tunable key escrow, where the availability of key escrow is only provided under strict conditions and ...
    • Security Properties of Light Clients on the Ethereum Blockchain 

      Paavolainen, Santeri; Carr, Christopher (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Ethereum is a decentralized blockchain, known as being the second most popular public blockchain after Bitcoin. Since Ethereum is decentralised the canonical state is determined by the Ethereum network participants via a ...
    • Valuable Puzzles for Proofs-of-Work 

      Boyd, Colin Alexander; Carr, Christopher (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      Proof-of-work (PoW) is used as the consensus mechanism in most cryptocurrencies. PoW-based puzzles play an important part in the operation and security of a cryptocurrency, but come at a considerable energy cost. One ...