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Functional Analysis of the Action of Plant Isothiocyanates: Cellular Mechanisms and In Vivo Role in Plants, and Anticancer Activity

Øverby, Anders
Doctoral thesis
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PhD (Locked)
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/277286
Date
2014
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  • Institutt for biologi [1657]
Abstract
Isothiocyanates are plant phytochemicals produced by Brassicales for protection against

herbivores and pathogens. Recent studies have also suggested that these compounds may

trigger internal defense responses. However, the cellular events triggered by isothiocyanates

in plants remain elusive. In the present thesis, novel cellular mechanisms induced by

isothiocyanates in Arabidopsis thaliana are reported, including disintegration of microtubules,

attenuation of actin-mediated intracellular transport, depletion of glutathione, induced gene

expressions and shift in the cell cycle. Isothiocyanates are also known to have

chemopreventive properties against some types of cancer. Gastric cancer is a disease in great

need of new treatment modalities. In the present thesis, the effects of isothiocyanates on

human gastric cancer cells were studied. The present data shows that isothiocyanates inhibit

the cell proliferation and migration, and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human

gastric cancer cells. Moreover, isothiocyanates induce disintegration of microtubules in these

cells. Collectively, the findings in this thesis shed light on the emerging field of in vivo role of

isothiocyanates in plants, as well as the underlying molecular events of a potent natural

therapeutic agent against gastric cancer.
Publisher
NTNU
Series
Doctoral thesis at NTNU;
;2014:261

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