Value Comparison of EV and House Batteries at End-user Level under Different Grid Tariffs

Abstract

With the introduction of real-time price signals through smart meters, the electric vehicle (EV) battery can become a powerful tool. Its relatively high charging power and capacity makes it attractive for both cost minimization and self-balancing. Focusing in particular on comparing EV and home batteries, the objective of this paper is to investigate the economic potential of utilizing PV and batteries at an end-user level. In simulations based on data from a single residence in Trondheim, Norway, a dynamic programming algorithm is used to minimize the electricity costs under four different grid tariff structures. This method guarantees to find the global optimum. Leveraging the variations in spot price and hourly grid tariff costs, the simulation results indicate reduced annual electricity cost. When utilizing an EV battery together with rooftop PV, the cost is reduced by 12.0-19.2 %, depending on the grid tariff structure, whereas a home battery installation together with PV reduces the cost by 8.9-14.4 %.