Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Vos, Theo; Allen, Christine; Arora, Megha; Barber, Ryan M.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Brown, Alexandria; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel C.; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chen, Alan Z.; Coggeshall, Megan; Cornaby, Leslie; Dandona, Lalit; Dicker, Daniel J.; Dilegge, Tina; Erskine, Holly E.; Ferrari, Alize J.; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Fleming, Tom; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.; Fullman, Nancy; Gething, Peter W.; Goldberg, Ellen M.; Graetz, Nicholas; Haagsma, Juanita; Johnson, Catherine; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Kawashima, Toana; Kemmer, Laura; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kyu, Hmwe H.; Leung, Janni; Liang, Xiaofeng; Lim, Stephen S.; Lopez, Alan D; Lozano, Rafael; Marczak, Laurie; Mensah, George A; Mokdad, Ali H.; Naghavi, Mohsen; Nguyen, Grant; Nsoesie, Elaine; Olsen, Helen; Pigott, David M.; Pinho, Christine; Rankin, Zane; Reinig, Nikolas; Salomon, Joshua A; Sandar, Logan; Smith, Alison; Stanaway, Jeffrey; Steiner, Caitlyn; Teeple, Stephanie; Thomas, Bernadette A.; Troeger, Christopher; Wagner, Joseph A.; Wang, Haidong; Wanga, Valentine; Whiteford, Harvey A.; Zoeckler, Leo; Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Kaja M.; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abraham, Biju; Abubakar, Ibrahim; Abu-Raddad, Laith J.; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.E.; Ackerman, Ilana N.; Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi; Ademi, Zanfina; Adou, Arse Kouablan; Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko; Agardh, Emilie Elisabet; Agarwal, Arnav; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad; Ahmadieh, Hamid; Ajala, Oluremi N.; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Akseer, Nadia; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Noore K. M.; Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed; Alegretti, Miguel Angel; Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw; Alexander, Lily T.; Alhabib, Samia; Ali, Raghib; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Allebeck, Peter; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Alsharif, Ubai; Altirkawi, Khalid A.; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Amberbir, Alemayehu; Amini, Heresh; Ammar, Walid; Amrock, Stephen Marc; Andersen, Hjalte H.; Anderson, Gregory M.; Anderson, Benjamin; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Aregay, Atsede Fantahun; Arnlov, Johan; Artaman, Al; Asayesh, Hamid; Assadi, Reza; Atique, Suleman; Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur; Awasthi, Ashish; Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Azzopardi, Peter; Bacha, Umar; Badawi, Alaa; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Banerjee, Amitava; Barac, Aleksandra; Barker-Collo, Suzanne L.; Bärnighausen, Till; Barregard, Lars; Barrero, Lope H.; Basu, Arindam; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Bell, Brent; Bell, Michelle L.; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bensenor, Isabela M.; Benzian, Habib; Berhane, Adugnaw; Bernabe, Eduardo; Betsu, Balem Demtsu; Beyene, Addisu Shunu; Bhala, Neeraj; Bhatt, Samir; Biadgilign, Sibhatu; Bienhofff, Kelly; Bikbov, Boris; Biryukov, Stan; Bisanzio, Donal; Bjertness, Espen; Blore, Jed; Borschmann, Rohan; Boufous, Soufiane; Brainin, Michael; Brazinova, Alexandra; Breitborde, Nicholas J. K.; Brown, Jonathan; Buchbinder, Rachelle; Buckle, Geoffrey Colin; Butt, Zahid A.; Calabria, Bianca; Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo; Campuzano, Julio Cesar; Carabin, Helene; Cardenas, Rosario; Carpenter, David O.; Carrero, Juan Jesus; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Catala-Lopez, Ferran; Chang, Jung-Chen; Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia; Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne; Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe; Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christensen, Hanne; Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas; Ciobanu, Liliana G.; Cirillo, Massimo; Coates, Matthew M.; Colquhoun, Samantha M; Cooper, Cyrus; Cortinovis, Monica; Crump, John A.; Damtew, Solomon Abrha; Dandona, Rakhi; Daoud, Farah; Dargan, Paul I.; das Neves, Jose; Davey, Gail; Davis, Adrian C.; De Leo, Diego; Degenhardt, Louisa; Del Gobbo, Liana C; Dellavalle, Robert P; Deribe, Kebede; Deribew, Amare; Derrett, Sarah; Des Jarlais, Don C.; Dharmaratne, Samath D.; Dhillon, Preet K.; Diaz-Torne, Cesar; Ding, Eric L.; Driscoll, Tim R.; Duan, Leilei; Dubey, Manisha; Duncan, Bruce Bartholow; Ebrahimi, Hedyeh; Ellenbogen, Richard G.; Elyazar, Iqbal; Endres, Matthias; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich; Eshrati, Babak; Estep, Kara; Farid, Talha A; Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa; Faro, Andre; Farvid, Maryam S.; Farzadfar, Farshad; Feigin, Valery L.; Felson, David T.; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Fernandes, Jefferson G.; Fernandes, Joao C.; Fischer, Florian; Fitchett, Joseph R. A.; Foreman, Kyle; Fowkes, Gerry R.; Fox, Jordan; Franklin, Richard C.; Friedman, Joseph; Frostad, Joseph; Furst, Thomas; Futran, Neal D.; Gabbe, Belinda; Ganguly, Parthasarathi; Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho; Gebre, Teshome; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Gessner, Bradford D.; Gibney, Katherine B.; Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed; Giref, Ababi Zergaw; Giroud, Maurice; Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo; Glaser, Elizabeth; Godwin, William W.; Gomez-Dantes, Hector; Gona, Philimon; Goodridge, Amador; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Gotay, Carolyn C.; Goto, Atsushi; Gouda, Hebe N.; Grainger, Rebecca; Greaves, Felix; Guillemin, Francis; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Vipin; Gutierrez, Reyna A.; Haile, Demewoz; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Halasa, Yara A.; Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi; Hamidi, Samer; Hammami, Mouhanad; Hancock, Jamie; Handal, Alexis J.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Hao, Yuantao; Harb, Hilda L.; Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai; Haro, Josep Maria; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Hay, Roderick J.; Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz; Heydarpour, Pouria; Hoek, Hans W.; Horino, Masako; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hoy, Damian G.; Htet, Aung Soe; Huang, Hsiang; Huang, John J.; Huynh, Chantal; Iannarone, Marissa; Iburg, Kim Moesgaard; Innos, Kaire; Inoue, Manami; Iyer, Veena J.; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B.; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jee, Sun Ha; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jensen, Paul N.; Jiang, Ying; Jibat, Tariku; Jimenez-Corona, Aida; Jin, Ye; Jonas, Jost B.; Kabir, Zubair; Kalkonde, Yogeshwar; Kamal, Ritul; Kan, Haidong; Karch, Andre; Karema, Corine Kakizi; Karimkhani, Chante; Kasaeian, Amir; Kau, Anil; Kawakami, Norito; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemp, Andrew Haddon; Keren, Andre; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khaiff, Abdur Rahman; Khaiff, Ejaz Ahmad; Khang, Young-Ho; Khera, Sahil; Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kieling, Christian; Kim, Pauline; Kim, Cho-il; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Yun Jin; Kissoon, Niranjan; Knibbs, Luke D.; Knudsen, Ann Kristin; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolte, Dhaval; Kopec, Jacek A.; Kosen, Soewarta; Kotsakis, Georgios A.; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Kravchenko, Michael; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Bicer, Burcu Kucuk; Kudom, Andreas A.; Kuipers, Ernst J.; Kumar, G. Anil; Kutz, Michael; Kwan, Gene F.; Lal, Aparna; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lallukka, Tea; Lam, Hilton; Lam, Jennifer O.; Langan, Sinead M.; Larsson, Anders; Lavados, Pablo M.; Leasher, Janet L.; Leigh, James; Leung, Ricky; Levi, Miriam; Li, Yichong; Liang, Juan; Liu, Shiwei; Lloyd, Belinda K.; Lo, Warren D.; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Looker, Katharine J.; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Lyons, Ronan A.; Mackay, Mark T.; Abd El Razek, Mohammed Magdy; Majdan, Marek; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Marcenes, Wagner; Margolis, David Joel; Martinez-Raga, Jose; Masiye, Felix; Massano, João; McGarvey, Stephen Theodore; McGrath, John J.; McKee, Martin; McMahon, Brian J.; Meaney, Peter A.; Mehari, Alem; Meija-Rodriguez, Fabiola; Mekonnen, Alemayehu B.; Melaku, Yohannes Adama; Memiah, Peter; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Mhimbira, Francis Apolinary; Miller, Ted R.; Mills, Edward J; Mirarefin, Mojde; Mitchell, Philip B.; Mock, Charles N.; Mohammadi, Alireza; Mohammed, Shafiu; Monasta, Lorenzo; Montanez Hernandez, Julio Cesar; Montico, Marcella; Mooney, Meghan D.; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Morawska, Lidia; Mueller, Ulrich O.; Mullany, Erin C.; Mumford, John Everett; Murdoch, Michele E.; Nachega, Jean B.; Nagel, Gabriele; Naheed, Aliya; Naldi, Luigi; Nangia, Vinay; Newton, John N.; Ng, Marie; Norheim, Ole Frithjof; Ngalesoni, Frida Namnyak; Hailu, Alemayehu; Savic, Miloje; Skirbekk, Vegard; Skogen, Jens Christoffer; Stovner, Lars Jacob; Steiner, Timothy J.; Søreide, Kjetil; Vollset, Stein Emil; Weiderpass, Elisabete; White, Richard
Abstract
Background
Non-fatal outcomes of disease and injury increasingly detract from the ability of the world's population to live in full health, a trend largely attributable to an epidemiological transition in many countries from causes affecting children, to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) more common in adults. For the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015), we estimated the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for diseases and injuries at the global, regional, and national scale over the period of 1990 to 2015.
Methods
We estimated incidence and prevalence by age, sex, cause, year, and geography with a wide range of updated and standardised analytical procedures. Improvements from GBD 2013 included the addition of new data sources, updates to literature reviews for 85 causes, and the identification and inclusion of additional studies published up to November, 2015, to expand the database used for estimation of non-fatal outcomes to 60 900 unique data sources. Prevalence and incidence by cause and sequelae were determined with DisMod-MR 2.1, an improved version of the DisMod-MR Bayesian meta-regression tool first developed for GBD 2010 and GBD 2013. For some causes, we used alternative modelling strategies where the complexity of the disease was not suited to DisMod-MR 2.1 or where incidence and prevalence needed to be determined from other data. For GBD 2015 we created a summary indicator that combines measures of income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility (the Socio-demographic Index [SDI]) and used it to compare observed patterns of health loss to the expected pattern for countries or locations with similar SDI scores.
Findings
We generated 9·3 billion estimates from the various combinations of prevalence, incidence, and YLDs for causes, sequelae, and impairments by age, sex, geography, and year. In 2015, two causes had acute incidences in excess of 1 billion: upper respiratory infections (17·2 billion, 95% uncertainty interval [UI] 15·4–19·2 billion) and diarrhoeal diseases (2·39 billion, 2·30–2·50 billion). Eight causes of chronic disease and injury each affected more than 10% of the world's population in 2015: permanent caries, tension-type headache, iron-deficiency anaemia, age-related and other hearing loss, migraine, genital herpes, refraction and accommodation disorders, and ascariasis. The impairment that affected the greatest number of people in 2015 was anaemia, with 2·36 billion (2·35–2·37 billion) individuals affected. The second and third leading impairments by number of individuals affected were hearing loss and vision loss, respectively. Between 2005 and 2015, there was little change in the leading causes of years lived with disability (YLDs) on a global basis. NCDs accounted for 18 of the leading 20 causes of age-standardised YLDs on a global scale. Where rates were decreasing, the rate of decrease for YLDs was slower than that of years of life lost (YLLs) for nearly every cause included in our analysis. For low SDI geographies, Group 1 causes typically accounted for 20–30% of total disability, largely attributable to nutritional deficiencies, malaria, neglected tropical diseases, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis. Lower back and neck pain was the leading global cause of disability in 2015 in most countries. The leading cause was sense organ disorders in 22 countries in Asia and Africa and one in central Latin America; diabetes in four countries in Oceania; HIV/AIDS in three southern sub-Saharan African countries; collective violence and legal intervention in two north African and Middle Eastern countries; iron-deficiency anaemia in Somalia and Venezuela; depression in Uganda; onchoceriasis in Liberia; and other neglected tropical diseases in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Interpretation
Ageing of the world's population is increasing the number of people living with sequelae of diseases and injuries. Shifts in the epidemiological profile driven by socioeconomic change also contribute to the continued increase in years lived with disability (YLDs) as well as the rate of increase in YLDs. Despite limitations imposed by gaps in data availability and the variable quality of the data available, the standardised and comprehensive approach of the GBD study provides opportunities to examine broad trends, compare those trends between countries or subnational geographies, benchmark against locations at similar stages of development, and gauge the strength or weakness of the estimates available.
Publisher
ElsevierJournal
The Lancet
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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E.; Brajkovich, Imperia; Branca, Francesco; Breckenkamp, Juergen; Breda, João; Brenner, Hermann; Brewster, Lizzy M.; Brian, Garry R.; Briceño, Yajaira; Brinduse, Lacramioara; Brito, Miguel; Brophy, Sinead; Brug, Johannes; Bruno, Graziella; Bugge, Anna; Buntinx, Frank; Buoncristiano, Marta; Burazeri, Genc; Burns, Con; de León, Antonio Cabrera; Cacciottolo, Joseph; Cai, Hui; Caixeta, Roberta B.; Cama, Tilema; Cameron, Christine; Camolas, José; Can, Günay; Cândido, Ana Paula C.; Cañete, Felicia; Capanzana, Mario V.; Čapková, Naděžda; Capuano, Eduardo; Capuano, Rocco; Capuano, Vincenzo; Cardol, Marloes; Cardoso, Viviane C.; Carlsson, Axel C.; Carmuega, Esteban; Carvalho, Joana; Casajús, José A.; Casanueva, Felipe F.; Casas, Maribel; Celikcan, Ertugrul; Censi, Laura; Cervantes‐Loaiza, Marvin; Cesar, Juraci A.; Chamukuttan, Snehalatha; Chan, Angelique; Chan, Queenie; Chaturvedi, Himanshu K.; Chaturvedi, Nish; Rahim, Norsyamlina Che Abdul; Chee, Miao Li; Chen, Chien-Jen; Chen, Fangfang; Chen, Huashuai; Chen, Shuohua; Chen, Zhengming; Cheng, Ching-Yu; Cheng, Yiling J.; Cheraghian, Bahman; Chetrit, Angela; Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina; Chinapaw, Mai J. M.; Chinnock, Anne; Chiolero, Arnaud; Chiou, Shu-Ti; Chirlaque, María-Dolores; Cho, Belong; Christensen, Kaare; Christofaro, Diego G.; Chudek, Jerzy; Cifkova, Renata; Cilia, Michelle; Cinteza, Eliza; Cirillo, Massimo; Claessens, Frank; Clarke, Janine; Clays, Els; Cohen, Emmanuel; Compañ-Gabucio, Laura-María; Concin, Hans; Confortin, Susana C.; Cooper, Cyrus; Coppinger, Tara C.; Corpeleijn, Eva; Cortés, Lilia Yadira; Costanzo, Simona; Cottel, Dominique; Cowell, Chris; Craig, Cora L.; Crampin, Amelia C.; Cross, Amanda J.; Crujeiras, Ana B.; Cruz, Juan J.; Csányi, Tamás; Csilla, Semánová; Cucu, Alexandra M.; Cui, Liufu; Cureau, Felipe V.; Cuschieri, Sarah; Czenczek-Lewandowska, Ewelina; D’Arrigo, Graziella; d’Orsi, Eleonora; Dacica, Liliana; Dallongeville, Jean; Damasceno, Albertino; Damsgaard, Camilla T.; Dankner, Rachel; Dantoft, Thomas M.; Dasgupta, Parasmani; Dastgiri, Saeed; Dauchet, Luc; Davletov, Kairat; de Assis, Maria Alice Altenburg; De Backer, Guy; De Bacquer, Dirk; De Curtis, Amalia; de Fragas Hinnig, Patrícia; de Gaetano, Giovanni; De Henauw, Stefaan; De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar; de Oliveira, Paula Duarte; De Ridder, David; De Ridder, Karin; de Rooij, Susanne R.; De Smedt, Delphine; Deepa, Mohan; Deev, Alexander D.; DeGennaro, Vincent; Delisle, Hélène; Delpeuch, Francis; Demarest, Stefaan; Dennison, Elaine; Dereń, Katarzyna; Deschamps, Valérie; Dhimal, Meghnath; Di Castelnuovo, Augusto; Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares; Díaz-Sánchez, María Elena; Diaz, Alejandro; Fernández, Pedro Díaz; Ripollés, María Pilar Díez; Dika, Zivka; Djalalinia, Shirin; Djordjic, Visnja; Do, Ha T. P.; Dobson, Annette J.; Dominguez, Liria; Donati, Maria Benedetta; Donfrancesco, Chiara; Dong, Guanghui; Dong, Yanhui; Donoso, Silvana P.; Döring, Angela; Dorobantu, Maria; Dorosty, Ahmad Reza; Doua, Kouamelan; Dragano, Nico; Drygas, Wojciech; Duan, Jia Li; Duante, Charmaine A.; Duboz, Priscilla; Duleva, Vesselka L.; Dulskiene, Virginija; Dumith, Samuel C.; Dushpanova, Anar; Dyussupova, Azhar; Dzerve, Vilnis; Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta; Echeverría, Guadalupe; Eddie, Ricky; Eftekhar, Ebrahim; Egbagbe, Eruke E.; Eggertsen, Robert; Eghtesad, Sareh; Eiben, Gabriele; Ekelund, Ulf; El-Khateeb, Mohammad; El Ammari, Laila; El Ati, Jalila; Eldemire-Shearer, Denise; Eliasen, Marie; Elliott, Paul; Endevelt, Ronit; Engle-Stone, Reina; Erasmus, Rajiv T.; Erbel, Raimund; Erem, Cihangir; Ergor, Gul; Eriksen, Louise; Eriksson, Johan G.; Escobedo-de la Peña, Jorge; Eslami, Saeid; Esmaeili, Ali; Evans, Alun; Faeh, David; Fakhradiyev, Ildar; Fakhretdinova, Albina A.; Fall, Caroline H.; Faramarzi, Elnaz; Farjam, Mojtaba; Sant’Angelo, Victoria Farrugia; Fattahi, Mohammad Reza; Fawwad, Asher; Fawzi, Wafaie W.; Feigl, Edit; Felix-Redondo, Francisco J.; Ferguson, Trevor S.; Fernandes, Romulo A.; Fernández-Bergés, Daniel; Ferrante, Daniel; Ferrao, Thomas; Ferrari, Gerson; Ferrari, Marika; Ferrario, Marco M.; Ferreccio, Catterina; Ferreira, Haroldo S.; Ferrer, Eldridge; Ferrieres, Jean; Figueiró, Thamara Hubler; Fijalkowska, Anna; Fisberg, Mauro; Fischer, Krista; Foo, Leng Huat; Forsner, Maria; Fouad, Heba M.; Francis, Damian K.; do Carmo Franco, Maria; Fras, Zlatko; Frontera, Guillermo; Fuchs, Flavio D.; Fuchs, Sandra C.; Fujiati, Isti I.; Fujita, Yuki; Fumihiko, Matsuda; Furdela, Viktoriya; Furusawa, Takuro; Gaciong, Zbigniew; Gafencu, Mihai; Cuesta, Manuel Galán; Galbarczyk, Andrzej; Galenkamp, Henrike; Galeone, Daniela; Galfo, Myriam; Galvano, Fabio; Gao, Jingli; Gao, Pei; Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli; Mérida, María José García; Solano, Marta García; Gareta, Dickman; Garnett, Sarah P.; Gaspoz, Jean-Michel; Gasull, Magda; Gaya, Adroaldo Cesar Araujo; Gaya, Anelise Reis; Gazzinelli, Andrea; Gehring, Ulrike; Geiger, Harald; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; George, Ronnie; Ghaderi, Ebrahim; Ghanbari, Ali; Ghasemi, Erfan; Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina; Gialluisi, Alessandro; Giampaoli, Simona; Gianfagna, Francesco; Gieger, Christian; Gill, Tiffany K.; Giovannelli, Jonathan; Gironella, Glen; Giwercman, Aleksander; Gkiouras, Konstantinos; Glushkova, Natalya; Gluškova, Natalja; Godara, Ramesh; Godos, Justyna; Gogen, Sibel; Goldberg, Marcel; Goltzman, David; Gómez, Georgina; Gómez, Jesús Humberto Gómez; Gomez, Luis F.; Gómez, Santiago F.; Gomula, Aleksandra; da Silva, Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro; Gonçalves, Helen; Gonçalves, Mauer; González-Alvarez, Ana D.; Gonzalez-Chica, David A.; González-Gil, Esther M.; Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela; González-Leon, Margot; González-Rivas, Juan P.; González-Villalpando, Clicerio; González-Villalpando, María-Elena; Gonzalez, Angel R.; Gottrand, Frederic; Graça, Antonio Pedro; Graff-Iversen, Sidsel; Grafnetter, Dušan; Grajda, Aneta; Grammatikopoulou, Maria G.; Gregor, Ronald D.; Gregório, Maria João; Grøholt, Else Karin; Grøntved, Anders; Grosso, Giuseppe; Gruden, Gabriella; Gu, Dongfeng; Guajardo, Viviana; Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela; Guallar-Castillón, Pilar; Gualtieri, Andrea; Gudmundsson, Elias F.; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Guerrero, Ramiro; Guessous, Idris; Guimaraes, Andre L.; Gulliford, Martin C.; Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna; Gunter, Marc J.; Guo, Xiu-Hua; Guo, Yin; Gupta, Prakash C.; Gupta, Rajeev; Gureje, Oye; González, Enrique Gutiérrez; Gutierrez, Laura; Gutzwiller, Felix; Gwee, Xinyi; Ha, Seongjun; Hadaegh, Farzad; Hadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A.; Haghshenas, Rosa; Hakimi, Hamid; Halkjær, Jytte; Hambleton, Ian R.; Hamzeh, Behrooz; Hanekom, Willem A.; Hange, Dominique; Hanif, Abu A. M.; Hantunen, Sari; Hao, Jie; Hardman, Carla Menêses; Kumar, Rachakulla Hari; Lassen, Tina Harmer; Harooni, Javad; Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad; Hassapidou, Maria; Hata, Jun; Haugsgjerd, Teresa Risan; Hayes, Alison J.; He, Jiang; He, Yuan; He, Yuna; Heidinger-Felső, Regina; Heier, Margit; Hejgaard, Tatjana; Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth; dos Santos Henrique, Rafael; Henriques, Ana; Cadena, Leticia Hernandez; Herrala, Sauli; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Herrera, Victor M.; Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle; Herzig, Karl-Heinz; Heshmat, Ramin; Hill, Allan G.; Ho, Sai Yin; Ho, Suzanne C.; Hobbs, Michael; Höfelmann, Doroteia A.; Holdsworth, Michelle; Homayounfar, Reza; Homs, Clara; Hopman, Wilma M.; Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R.; Hormiga, Claudia M.; Horta, Bernardo L.; Houti, Leila; Howitt, Christina; Htay, Thein Thein; Htet, Aung Soe; Htike, Maung Maung Than; Hu, Yonghua; Huerta, José María; Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani; Huiart, Laetitia; Petrescu, Constanta Huidumac; Huisman, Martijn; Husseini, Abdullatif; Huu, Chinh Nguyen; Huybrechts, Inge; Hwalla, Nahla; Hyska, Jolanda; Iacoviello, Licia; Iakupova, Ellina M.; Ibarluzea, Jesús M.; Ibrahim, Mohsen M.; Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim; Ikram, M. Arfan; Iñiguez, Carmen; Iotova, Violeta; Irazola, Vilma E.; Ishida, Takafumi; Isiguzo, Godsent C.; Islam, Muhammad; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Islek, Duygu; Ivanova-Pandourska, Ivaila Y.; Iwasaki, Masanori; Jääskeläinen, Tuija; Jackson, Rod T.; Jacobs, Jeremy M.; Jadoul, Michel; Jafar, Tazeen; Jallow, Bakary; James, Kenneth; Jamil, Kazi M.; Jamrozik, Konrad; Jansson, Anna; Janszky, Imre; Janus, Edward; Jarani, Juel; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Jasienska, Grazyna; Jelaković, Ana; Jelaković, Bojan; Jennings, Garry; Jiang, Chao Qiang; Jimenez, Ramon O.; Jöckel, Karl-Heinz; Joffres, Michel; Jokelainen, Jari J.; Jonas, Jost B.; Jonnagaddala, Jitendra; Jørgensen, Torben; Joshi, Pradeep; Josipović, Josipa; Joukar, Farahnaz; Jóźwiak, Jacek J.; Judge, Debra S.; Juolevi, Anne; Jurak, Gregor; Simina, Iulia Jurca; Juresa, Vesna; Kaaks, Rudolf; Kaducu, Felix O.; Kafatos, Anthony; Kaj, Mónika; Kajantie, Eero Olavi; Kakutia, Natia; Kállayová, Daniela; Kalmatayeva, Zhanna; Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra; Kameli, Yves; Kampmann, Freja B.; Kanala, Kodanda R.; Kannan, Srinivasan; Kapantais, Efthymios; Karaglani, Eva; Karakosta, Argyro; Kårhus, Line L.; Karki, Khem B.; Katchunga, Philippe B.; Katibeh, Marzieh; Katz, Joanne; Katzmarzyk, Peter T.; Kauhanen, Jussi; Kaur, Prabhdeep; Kavousi, Maryam; Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M.; Kaze, François F.; Ke, Calvin; Keil, Ulrich; Boker, Lital Keinan; Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka; Kelishadi, Roya; Kelleher, Cecily; Kemper, Han C. G.; Keramati, Maryam; Kerimkulova, Alina; Kersting, Mathilde; Key, Timothy; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khaledifar, Arsalan; Khalili, Davood; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Kheiri, Bahareh; Kheradmand, Motahareh; Khosravi, Alireza; Khouw, Ilse M. S. L.; Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula; Kiechl, Sophia J.; Kiechl, Stefan; Killewo, Japhet; Kim, Hyeon Chang; Kim, Jeongseon; Kindblom, Jenny M.; Kingston, Andrew; Klakk, Heidi; Klimek, Magdalena; Klimont, Jeannette; Klumbiene, Jurate; Knoflach, Michael; Koirala, Bhawesh; Kolle, Elin; Kolsteren, Patrick; König, Jürgen; Korpelainen, Raija; Korrovits, Paul; Korzycka, Magdalena; Kos, Jelena; Koskinen, Seppo; Kouda, Katsuyasu; Kovács, Éva; Kovacs, Viktoria Anna; Kovalskys, Irina; Kowlessur, Sudhir; Koziel, Slawomir; Kratenova, Jana; Kratzer, Wolfgang; Kriaucioniene, Vilma; Kriemler, Susi; Kristensen, Peter Lund; Krizan, Helena; Kroker-Lobos, Maria F.; Krokstad, Steinar; Kromhout, Daan; Kruger, Herculina S.; Kruger, Ruan; Kryst, Łukasz; Kubinova, Ruzena; Kuciene, Renata; Kujala, Urho M.; Kujundzic, Enisa; Kulaga, Zbigniew; Kulimbet, Mukhtar; Kumar, R. Krishna; Kunešová, Marie; Kurjata, Pawel; Kusuma, Yadlapalli S.; Kutsenko, Vladimir; Kuulasmaa, Kari; Kyobutungi, Catherine; La, Quang Ngoc; Laamiri, Fatima Zahra; Lachat, Carl; Lackner, Karl J.; Laid, Youcef; Lall, Lachmie; Lam, Tai Hing; Jimenez, Maritza Landaeta; Landais, Edwige; Lanska, Vera; Lappas, Georg; Larijani, Bagher; Larissa, Simo Pone; Latt, Tint Swe; Laurenzi, Martino; Lauria, Laura; Lazo-Porras, Maria; Le Coroller, Gwenaëlle; Le Nguyen Bao, Khanh; Le Port, Agnès; Le, Tuyen D.; Lee, Jeannette; Lee, Jeonghee; Lee, Paul H.; Lehmann, Nils; Lehtimäki, Terho; Lemogoum, Daniel; Leskošek, Branimir; Leszczak, Justyna; Leth-Møller, Katja B.; Leung, Gabriel M.; Levitt, Naomi S.; Li, Yanping; Liivak, Merike; Lilly, Christa L.; Lim, Charlie; Lim, Wei-Yen; Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda; Lin, Hsien-Ho; Lin, Xu; Lin, Yi-Ting; Lind, Lars; Lingam, Vijaya; Linkohr, Birgit; Linneberg, Allan; Lissner, Lauren; Litwin, Mieczyslaw; Liu, Jing; Liu, Lijuan; Lo, Wei-Cheng; Loit, Helle-Mai; Long, Khuong Quynh; Abril, Guadalupe Longo; Lopes, Luis; Lopes, Marcus V. V.; Lopes, Oscar; Lopez-Garcia, Esther; Lopez, Tania; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lozano, José Eugenio; Lukrafka, Janice L.; Luksiene, Dalia; Lundqvist, Annamari; Lunet, Nuno; Lunogelo, Charles; Lustigová, Michala; Łuszczki, Edyta; M’Buyamba-Kabangu, Jean-René; Ma, Guansheng; Ma, Xu; Machado-Coelho, George L. L.; Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M.; Macia, Enguerran; Macieira, Luisa M.; Madar, Ahmed Ali; Madsen, Anja L.; Maestre, Gladys E.; Maggi, Stefania; Magliano, Dianna J.; Magnacca, Sara; Magriplis, Emmanuella; Mahasampath, Gowri; Maire, Bernard; Majer, Marjeta; Makdisse, Marcia; Mäki, Päivi; Malekzadeh, Fatemeh; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malhotra, Rahul; Rao, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna; Malyutina, Sofia K.; Maniego, Lynell V.; Manios, Yannis; Manix, Masimango Imani; Mann, Jim I.; Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz; Manyanga, Taru; Manzato, Enzo; Marcil, Anie; Margozzini, Paula; Mariño, Joany; Markaki, Anastasia; Markey, Oonagh; Ioannidou, Eliza Markidou; Marques-Vidal, Pedro; Marques, Larissa Pruner; Marrugat, Jaume; Martin-Prevel, Yves; Martin, Rosemarie; Martorell, Reynaldo; Martos, Eva; Maruszczak, Katharina; Marventano, Stefano; Masala, Giovanna; Mascarenhas, Luis P.; Masoodi, Shariq R.; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Mathur, Prashant; Matijasevich, Alicia; Matłosz, Piotr; Matsha, Tandi E.; Matsudo, Victor; Mavrogianni, Christina; Mazur, Artur; Mbanya, Jean Claude N.; McFarlane, Shelly R.; McGarvey, Stephen T.; McKee, Martin; McLachlan, Stela; McLean, Rachael M.; McLean, Scott B.; McNairy, Margaret L.; McNulty, Breige A.; Benchekor, Sounnia Mediene; Medzioniene, Jurate; Mehdipour, Parinaz; Mehlig, Kirsten; Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang; Meirhaeghe, Aline; Meisfjord, Jørgen Rajan; Meisinger, Christa; Melgarejo, Jesus D.; Melkumova, Marina; Mello, João; Méndez, Fabián; Mendivil, Carlos O.; Menezes, Ana Maria B.; Menon, Geetha R.; Mensink, Gert B. M.; Menzano, Maria Teresa; Meshram, Indrapal I.; Meto, Diane T.; Mi, Jie; Michaelsen, Kim F.; Michels, Nathalie; Mikkel, Kairit; Miłkowska, Karolina; Miller, Jody C.; Milushkina, Olga; Minderico, Cláudia S.; Mini, G.K.; Miquel, Juan Francisco; Miranda, J. Jaime; Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza; Mirkopoulou, Daphne; Mirrakhimov, Erkin; Mišigoj-Duraković, Marjeta; Mistretta, Antonio; Mocanu, Veronica; Modesti, Pietro A.; Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi; Mohajer, Bahram; Mohamed, Mostafa K.; Mohamed, Shukri F.; Mohammad, Kazem; Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza; Mohammadi, Zahra; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Mohammadpourhodki, Reza; Mohan, Viswanathan; Mohanna, Salim; Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd; Mohebbi, Iraj; Mohebi, Farnam; Moitry, Marie; Møllehave, Line T.; Møller, Niels C.; Molnár, Dénes; Momenan, Amirabbas; Mondo, Charles K.; Montenegro Mendoza, Roger A.; Monterrubio-Flores, Eric; Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K.; Moon, Jin Soo; Moosazadeh, Mahmood; Mopa, Hermine T.; Moradpour, Farhad; Moreira, Leila B.; Morejon, Alain; Moreno, Luis A.; Morey, Francis; Morgan, Karen; Morin, Suzanne N.; Mortensen, Erik Lykke; Moschonis, George; Moslem, Alireza; Mossakowska, Malgorzata; Mostafa, Aya; Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali; Mota-Pinto, Anabela; Mota, Jorge; Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel; Motta, Jorge; Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos André; Movsesyan, Yeva; Msyamboza, Kelias P.; Mu, Thet Thet; Muc, Magdalena; Muca, Florian; Mugoša, Boban; Muiesan, Maria L.; Müller-Nurasyid, Martina; Münzel, Thomas; Mursu, Jaakko; Murtagh, Elaine M.; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Milanović, Sanja Musić; Musil, Vera; Musinguzi, Geofrey; Muyer, Muel Telo M. C.; Nabipour, Iraj; Naderimagham, Shohreh; Nagel, Gabriele; Najafi, Farid; Nakamura, Harunobu; Nalecz, Hanna; Námešná, Jana; Nang, Ei Ei K.; Nangia, Vinay B.; Nankap, Martin; Narake, Sameer; Nardone, Paola; Naseri, Take; Nauck, Matthias; Neal, William A.; Nejatizadeh, Azim; Nekkantti, Chandini; Nelis, Keiu; Nenko, Ilona; Neovius, Martin; Nervi, Flavio; Ng, Tze Pin; Nguyen, Chung T.; Nguyen, Nguyen D.; Nguyen, Quang Ngoc; Ni, Michael Y.; Nicolescu, Rodica; Nie, Peng; Nieto-Martínez, Ramfis E.; Nikitin, Yury P.; Ning, Guang; Ninomiya, Toshiharu; Nishi, Nobuo; Nishtar, Sania; Noale, Marianna; Noboa, Oscar A.; Nogueira, Helena; Nordendahl, Maria; Nordestgaard, Børge G.; Noto, Davide; Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia; Nsour, Mohannad Al; Nuhoğlu, Irfan; Nunes, Baltazar; Nurk, Eha; Nuwaha, Fred; Nyirenda, Moffat; O’Neill, Terence W.; O’Reilly, Dermot; Obreja, Galina; Ochimana, Caleb; Ochoa-Avilés, Angélica M.; Oda, Eiji; Odili, Augustine N.; Oh, Kyungwon; Ohara, Kumiko; Ohlsson, Claes; Ohtsuka, Ryutaro; Olafsson, Örn; Olinto, Maria Teresa A.; Oliveira, Isabel O.; Omar, Mohd Azahadi; Omar, Saeed M.; Onat, Altan; Ong, Sok King; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte; Ono, Lariane M.; Ordunez, Pedro; Ornelas, Rui; Ortiz, Ana P.; Ortiz, Pedro J.; Osler, Merete; Osmond, Clive; Ostojic, Sergej; Ostovar, Afshin; Otero, Johanna A.; Overvad, Kim; Owusu-Dabo, Ellis; Paccaud, Fred Michel; Pagkalos, Ioannis; Pahomova, Elena; de Paiva, Karina Mary; Pająk, Andrzej; Palloni, Alberto; Palmieri, Luigi; Pan, Wen-Harn; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Pandey, Arvind; Panza, Francesco; Paoli, Mariela; Papadopoulou, Sousana K.; Papandreou, Dimitrios; Pareja, Rossina G.; Park, Soon-Woo; Park, Suyeon; Parnell, Winsome R.; Parsaeian, Mahboubeh; Pascanu, Ionela M.; Pasquet, Patrick; Patel, Nikhil D.; Pattussi, Marcos; Pavlyshyn, Halyna; Pechlaner, Raimund; Pećin, Ivan; Pednekar, Mangesh S.; Pedro, João M.; Peer, Nasheeta; Peixoto, Sergio Viana; Peltonen, Markku; Pereira, Alexandre C.; Peres, Marco A.; Pérez, Cynthia M.; Peterkova, Valentina; Peters, Annette; Petersmann, Astrid; Petkeviciene, Janina; Petrauskiene, Ausra; Kovtun, Olga Petrovna; Pettenuzzo, Emanuela; Peykari, Niloofar; Pfeiffer, Norbert; Phall, Modou Cheyassin; Pham, Son Thai; Pichardo, Rafael N.; Pierannunzio, Daniela; Pigeot, Iris; Pikhart, Hynek; Pilav, Aida; Pilotto, Lorenza; Pistelli, Francesco; Pitakaka, Freda; Piwonska, Aleksandra; Pizarro, Andreia N.; Plans-Rubió, Pedro; Platonova, Alina G.; Poh, Bee Koon; Pohlabeln, Hermann; Polka, Nadija S.; Pop, Raluca M.; Popovic, Stevo R.; Porta, Miquel; Posch, Georg; Poudyal, Anil; Poulimeneas, Dimitrios; Pouraram, Hamed; Pourfarzi, Farhad; Pourshams, Akram; Poustchi, Hossein; Pradeepa, Rajendra; Price, Alison J.; Price, Jacqueline F.; Prista, Antonio; Providencia, Rui; Puder, Jardena J.; Pudule, Iveta; Puiu, Maria; Punab, Margus; Qadir, Muhammed S.; Qasrawi, Radwan F.; Qorbani, Mostafa; Quintana, Hedley K.; Quiroga-Padilla, Pedro J.; Bao, Tran Quoc; Rach, Stefan; Radic, Ivana; Radisauskas, Ricardas; Rahimikazerooni, Salar; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Rahman, Mahmudur; Raitakari, Olli; Raj, Manu; Rajabov, Tamerlan; Rakhmatulloev, Sherali; Rakovac, Ivo; Rao, Sudha Ramachandra; Ramachandran, Ambady; Ramadan, Otim P. C.; Ramires, Virgílio V.; Ramke, Jacqueline; Ramos, Elisabete; Ramos, Rafel; Rampal, Lekhraj; Rampal, Sanjay; Rangelova, Lalka S.; Rarra, Vayia; Rascon-Pacheco, Ramon A.; Rech, Cassiano Ricardo; Redon, Josep; Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M.; Regecová, Valéria; Renner, Jane D. P.; Repasy, Judit A.; Reuter, Cézane P.; Revilla, Luis; Rezaianzadeh, Abbas; Rho, Yeunsook; Ribas-Barba, Lourdes; Ribeiro, Robespierre; Riboli, Elio; Richter, Adrian; Rigo, Fernando; Rigotti, Attilio; Rinaldo, Natascia; Rinke de Wit, Tobias F.; Rito, Ana I.; Ritti-Dias, Raphael M.; Rivera, Juan A.; Roa, Reina G.; Robinson, Louise; Robitaille, Cynthia; Roccaldo, Romana; Rodrigues, Daniela; Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando; del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, María; Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A.; Rodríguez, Andrea Y.; Roggenbuck, Ulla; Rohloff, Peter; Rohner, Fabian; Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba; Rojroongwasinkul, Nipa; Romaguera, Dora; Romeo, Elisabetta L.; Rosario, Rafaela V.; Rosengren, Annika; Rouse, Ian; Rouzier, Vanessa; Roy, Joel G. R.; Ruano, Maira H.; Rubinstein, Adolfo; Rühli, Frank J.; Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard; Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Sandra; Ruiz-Castell, Maria; Moreno, Emma Ruiz; Rusakova, Iuliia A.; Jonsson, Kenisha Russell; Russo, Paola; Rust, Petra; Rutkowski, Marcin; Saamel, Marge; Sabanayagam, Charumathi; Sabbaghi, Hamideh; Sacchini, Elena; Sachdev, Harshpal S.; Sadjadi, Alireza; Safarpour, Ali Reza; Safi, Sare; Safiri, Saeid; Saghi, Mohammad Hossien; Saidi, Olfa; Saki, Nader; Šalaj, Sanja; Salanave, Benoit; Martinez, Eduardo Salazar; Saleva, Calogero; Salmerón, Diego; Salomaa, Veikko; Salonen, Jukka T.; Salvetti, Massimo; Samoutian, Margarita; Sánchez-Abanto, Jose; Rodríguez, Inés Sánchez; Sandjaja, NN; Sans, Susana; Marina, Loreto Santa; Santacruz, Ethel; Santos, Diana A.; Santos, Ina S.; Santos, Lèlita C.; Santos, Maria Paula; Santos, Osvaldo; Santos, Rute; Santos, Tamara R.; Saramies, Jouko L.; Sardinha, Luis B.; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu; Saum, Kai-Uwe; Savva, Savvas; Savy, Mathilde; Sawada, Norie; Sbaraini, Mariana; Scazufca, Marcia; Schaan, Beatriz D.; Rosario, Angelika Schaffrath; Schargrodsky, Herman; Schienkiewitz, Anja; Schindler, Karin; Schipf, Sabine; Schmidt, Carsten O.; Schmidt, Ida Maria; Schneider, Andrea; Schnohr, Peter; Schöttker, Ben; Schramm, Sara; Schramm, Stine; Schröder, Helmut; Schultsz, Constance; Schulze, Matthias B.; Schutte, Aletta E.; Sebert, Sylvain; Sedaghattalab, Moslem; Selamat, Rusidah; Sember, Vedrana; Sen, Abhijit; Senbanjo, Idowu O.; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Sequera, Guillermo; Serra-Majem, Luis; Servais, Jennifer; Ševčíková, Ľudmila; Shalnova, Svetlana; Shamah-Levy, Teresa; Shamshirgaran, Seyed Morteza; Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam; Sharafkhah, Maryam; Sharma, Sanjib K.; Shaw, Jonathan E.; Shayanrad, Amaneh; Shayesteh, Ali Akbar; Shengelia, Lela; Shi, Zumin; Shibuya, Kenji; Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana; Shimony, Tal; Shiri, Rahman; Shrestha, Namuna; Si-Ramlee, Khairil; Siani, Alfonso; Siantar, Rosalynn; Sibai, Abla M.; Sidossis, Labros S.; Silitrari, Natalia; Silva, Antonio M.; de Moura Silva, Caroline Ramos; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Silva, Kelly S.; Sim, Xueling; Simon, Mary; Simons, Judith; Simons, Leon A.; Sjöberg, Agneta; Sjöström, Michael; Skoblina, Natalia A.; Skodje, Gry Irene; Slazhnyova, Tatyana; Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta; Slusarczyk, Przemysław; Smeeth, Liam; So, Hung-Kwan; Soares, Fernanda Cunha; Sobek, Grzegorz; Sobngwi, Eugène; Sodemann, Morten; Söderberg, Stefan; Soekatri, Moesijanti Y. E.; Soemantri, Agustinus; Sofat, Reecha; Solfrizzi, Vincenzo; Somi, Mohammad Hossein; Sonestedt, Emily; Song, Yi; Soofi, Sajid; Sørensen, Thorkild I. A.; Sørgjerd, Elin Pettersen; Jérome, Charles Sossa; Soto-Rojas, Victoria E.; Soumaré, Aïcha; Sousa-Poza, Alfonso; Sovic, Slavica; Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente; Sparrenberger, Karen; Spencer, Phoebe R.; Spinelli, Angela; Spiroski, Igor; Staessen, Jan A.; Stamm, Hanspeter; Staub, Kaspar; Stavreski, Bill; Steene-Johannessen, Jostein; Stehle, Peter; Stein, Aryeh D.; Stergiou, George S.; Stessman, Jochanan; Stevanović, Ranko; Stieber, Jutta; Stöckl, Doris; Stokwiszewski, Jakub; Stoyanova, Ekaterina; Stratton, Gareth; Stronks, Karien; Strufaldi, Maria Wany; Sturua, Lela; Suárez-Medina, Ramón; Suka, Machi; Sun, Chien-An; Sun, Liang; Sundström, Johan; Sung, Yn-Tz; Sunyer, Jordi; Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul; Sweis, Nabil William G.; Swinburn, Boyd A.; Sy, Rody G.; Sylva, René Charles; Szklo, Moyses; Szponar, Lucjan; Tabone, Lorraine; Tai, E. Shyong; Tambalis, Konstantinos D.; Tammesoo, Mari-Liis; Tamosiunas, Abdonas; Tan, Eng Joo; Tang, Xun; Tanrygulyyeva, Maya; Tanser, Frank; Tao, Yong; Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul; Tarp, Jakob; Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B.; Braunerová, Radka Taxová; Taylor, Anne; Taylor, Julie; Tchibindat, Félicité; te Velde, Saskia J.; Tebar, William R.; Tell, Grethe S.; Tello, Tania; Tham, Yih Chung; Thankappan, K.R.; Theobald, Holger; Theodoridis, Xenophon; Thomas, Nihal; Thorand, Barbara; Thuesen, Betina H.; Tichá, Ľubica; Timmermans, Erik J.; Tjandrarini, Dwi H.; Tjonneland, Anne; Tolonen, Hanna K.; Tolstrup, Janne S.; Topbas, Murat; Topór-Mądry, Roman; Torheim, Liv Elin; Tormo, María José; Tornaritis, Michael J.; Torrent, Maties; Torres-Collado, Laura; Toselli, Stefania; Touloumi, Giota; Traissac, Pierre; Tran, Thi Tuyet-Hanh; Tremblay, Mark S.; Triantafyllou, Areti; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Trinh, Oanh T. H.; Trivedi, Atul; Tsao, Yu-Hsiang; Tshepo, Lechaba; Tsigga, Maria; Tsintavis, Panagiotis; Tsugane, Shoichiro; Tuitele, John; Tuliakova, Azaliia M.; Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K.; Tullu, Fikru; Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka; Tuomilehto, Jaakko; Turley, Maria L.; Twig, Gilad; Tynelius, Per; Tzala, Evangelia; Tzotzas, Themistoklis; Tzourio, Christophe; Ueda, Peter; Ugel, Eunice; Ukoli, Flora A. M.; Ulmer, Hanno; Unal, Belgin; Usupova, Zhamyila; Uusitalo, Hannu M. T.; Uysal, Nalan; Vaitkeviciute, Justina; Valdivia, Gonzalo; Vale, Susana; Valvi, Damaskini; van Dam, Rob M.; van den Born, Bert-Jan; Van der Heyden, Johan; van der Schouw, Yvonne T.; Van Herck, Koen; Van Lippevelde, Wendy; Van Minh, Hoang; Van Schoor, Natasja M.; van Valkengoed, Irene G. M.; Vanderschueren, Dirk; Vanuzzo, Diego; Varbo, Anette; Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio; Vargas, Luz Nayibe; Varona-Pérez, Patricia; Vasan, Senthil K.; Vasques, Daniel G.; Vega, Tomas; Veidebaum, Toomas; Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo; Velika, Biruta; Verloigne, Maïté; Veronesi, Giovanni; Verschuren, W. M. Monique; Victora, Cesar G.; Viegi, Giovanni; Viet, Lucie; Vik, Frøydis Nordgård; Vilar, Monica; Villalpando, Salvador; Vioque, Jesus; Virtanen, Jyrki K.; Visvikis-Siest, Sophie; Viswanathan, Bharathi; Vladulescu, Mihaela; Vlasoff, Tiina; Vocanec, Dorja; Vollenweider, Peter; Völzke, Henry; Voutilainen, Ari; Vrijheid, Martine; Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M.; Wade, Alisha N.; Waldhör, Thomas; Walton, Janette; Wambiya, Elvis O. A.; Bebakar, Wan Mohamad Wan; Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan; de Souza Wanderley Júnior, Rildo; Wang, Ming-Dong; Wang, Ningli; Wang, Qian; Wang, Xiangjun; Wang, Ya Xing; Wang, Ying-Wei; Wannamethee, S. Goya; Wareham, Nicholas; Weber, Adelheid; Webster-Kerr, Karen; Wedderkopp, Niels; Weghuber, Daniel; Wei, Wenbin; Weres, Aneta; Werner, Bo; Westbury, Leo D.; Whincup, Peter H.; Wickramasinghe, Kremlin; Widhalm, Kurt; Widyahening, Indah S.; Więcek, Andrzej; Wild, Philipp S.; Wilks, Rainford J.; Willeit, Johann; Willeit, Peter; Williams, Julianne; Wilsgaard, Tom; Wojciech, Rusek; Wojtyniak, Bogdan; Wolf, Kathrin; Wong-McClure, Roy A.; Wong, Andrew; Wong, Emily B.; Wong, Jyh Eiin; Wong, Tien Yin; Woo, Jean; Woodward, Mark; Wu, Frederick C.; Wu, Hon-Yen; Wu, Jianfeng; Wu, Li Juan; Wu, Shouling; Wyszyńska, Justyna; Xu, Haiquan; Xu, Liang; Yaacob, Nor Azwany; Yamborisut, Uruwan; Yan, Weili; Yang, Ling; Yang, Xiaoguang; Yang, Yang; Yardim, Nazan; Yasuharu, Tabara; García, Martha Yépez; Yiallouros, Panayiotis K.; Yngve, Agneta; Yoosefi, Moein; Yoshihara, Akihiro; You, Qi Sheng; You, San-Lin; Younger-Coleman, Novie O.; Yu, Yu-Ling; Yu, Yunjiang; Yusof, Safiah Md; Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi; Zaccagni, Luciana; Zafiropulos, Vassilis; Zainuddin, Ahmad A.; Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul; Zamani, Farhad; Zambon, Sabina; Zampelas, Antonis; Zamrazilová, Hana; Zapata, Maria Elisa; Zargar, Abdul Hamid; Zaw, Ko Ko; Zayed, Ayman A.; Zdrojewski, Tomasz; Żegleń, Magdalena; Zejglicova, Kristyna; Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic; Zeng, Yi; Zhang, Luxia; Zhang, Zhen-Yu; Zhao, Dong; Zhao, Ming-Hui; Zhao, Wenhua; Zhecheva, Yanitsa V.; Zhen, Shiqi; Zheng, Wei; Zheng, Yingfeng; Zholdin, Bekbolat; Zhou, Maigeng; Zhu, Dan; Zins, Marie; Zitt, Emanuel; Zocalo, Yanina; Zoghlami, Nada; Cisneros, Julio Zuñiga; Zuziak, Monika; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Black, Robert E.; Ezzati, Majid (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1,2,3,4,5,6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from ... -
A saturated map of common genetic variants associated with human height
Yengo, Loïc; Vedantam, Sailaja; Marouli, Eirini; Sidorenko, Julia; Bartell, Eric; Sakaue, Saori; Graff, Marielisa; Eliasen, Anders U.; Jiang, Yunxuan; Raghavan, Sridharan; Miao, Jenkai; Arias, Joshua D.; Graham, Sarah E.; Mukamel, Ronen E.; Spracklen, Cassandra N.; Yin, Xianyong; Chen, Shyh-Huei; Ferreira, Teresa; Highland, Heather H.; Ji, Yingjie; Karaderi, Tugce; Lin, Kuang; Lüll, Kreete; Malden, Deborah E.; Medina-Gomez, Carolina; Machado, Moara; Moore, Amy; Rüeger, Sina; Sim, Xueling; Vrieze, Scott; Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S.; Akiyama, Masato; Allison, Matthew A.; Alvarez, Marcus; Andersen, Mette K.; Ani, Alireza; Appadurai, Vivek; Arbeeva, Liubov; Bhaskar, Seema; Bielak, Lawrence F.; Bollepalli, Sailalitha; Bonnycastle, Lori L.; Bork-Jensen, Jette; Bradfield, Jonathan P.; Bradford, Yuki; Braund, Peter S.; Brody, Jennifer A.; Burgdorf, Kristoffer S.; Cade, Brian E.; Cai, Hui; Cai, Qiuyin; Campbell, Archie; Cañadas-Garre, Marisa; Catamo, Eulalia; Chai, Jin-Fang; Chai, Xiaoran; Chang, Li-Ching; Chang, Yi-Cheng; Chen, Chien-Hsiun; Chesi, Alessandra; Choi, Seung Hoan; Chung, Ren-Hua; Cocca, Massimiliano; Concas, Maria Pina; Couture, Christian; Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel; Danning, Rebecca; Daw, E. Warwick; Degenhard, Frauke; Delgado, Graciela E.; Delitala, Alessandro; Demirkan, Ayse; Deng, Xuan; Devineni, Poornima; Dietl, Alexander; Dimitriou, Maria; Dimitrov, Latchezar; Dorajoo, Rajkumar; Ekici, Arif B.; Engmann, Jorgen E.; Fairhurst-Hunter, Zammy; Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni; Faul, Jessica D.; Fernandez-Lopez, Juan-Carlos; Forer, Lukas; Francescatto, Margherita; Freitag-Wolf, Sandra; Fuchsberger, Christian; Galesloot, Tessel E.; Gao, Yan; Gao, Zishan; Geller, Frank; Giannakopoulou, Olga; Giulianini, Franco; Gjesing, Anette P.; Goel, Anuj; Gordon, Scott D.; Gorski, Mathias; Grove, Jakob; Guo, Xiuqing; Gustafsson, Stefan; Haessler, Jeffrey; Hansen, Thomas; Havulinna, Aki S.; Haworth, Simon J.; He, Jing; Heard-Costa, Nancy; Hebbar, Prashantha; Hindy, George; Ho, Yuk-Lam A.; Hofer, Edith; Holliday, Elizabeth; Horn, Katrin; Hornsby, Whitney E.; Hottenga, Jouke-Jan; Huang, Hongyan; Huang, Jie; Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia; Huffman, Jennifer E.; Hung, Yi-Jen; Huo, Shaofeng; Hwang, Mi Yeong; Iha, Hiroyuki; Ikeda, Daisuke D.; Isono, Masato; Jackson, Anne U.; Jäger, Susanne; Jansen, Iris E.; Johansson, Ingegerd; Jonas, Jost B.; Jonsson, Anna; Jørgensen, Torben; Kalafati, Ioanna-Panagiota; Kanai, Masahiro; Kanoni, Stavroula; Kårhus, Line L.; Kasturiratne, Anuradhani; Katsuya, Tomohiro; Kawaguchi, Takahisa; Kember, Rachel L.; Kentistou, Katherine A.; Kim, Han-Na; Kim, Young Jin; Kleber, Marcus E.; Knol, Maria J.; Kurbasic, Azra; Lauzon, Marie; Le, Phuong; Lea, Rodney; Lee, Jong-Young; Leonard, Hampton L.; Li, Shengchao A.; Li, Xiaohui; Li, Xiaoyin; Liang, Jingjing; Lin, Honghuang; Lin, Shih-Yi; Liu, Jun; Liu, Xueping; Lo, Ken Sin; Long, Jirong; Lores-Motta, Laura; Luan, Jian’an; Lyssenko, Valeriya; Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka; Mahajan, Anubha; Mamakou, Vasiliki; Mangino, Massimo; Manichaikul, Ani; Marten, Jonathan; Mattheisen, Manuel; Mavarani, Laven; McDaid, Aaron F.; Meidtner, Karina; Melendez, Tori L.; Mercader, Josep M.; Milaneschi, Yuri; Miller, Jason E.; Millwood, Iona Y.; Mishra, Pashupati P.; Mitchell, Ruth E.; Møllehave, Line T.; Morgan, Anna; Mucha, Soeren; Munz, Matthias; Nakatochi, Masahiro; Nelson, Christopher P.; Nethander, Maria; Nho, Chu Won; Nielsen, Aneta A.; Nolte, Ilja M.; Nongmaithem, Suraj S.; Noordam, Raymond; Ntalla, Ioanna; Nutile, Teresa; Pandit, Anita; Christofidou, Paraskevi; Pärna, Katri; Pauper, Marc; Petersen, Eva R. B.; Petersen, Liselotte V.; Pitkänen, Niina; Polašek, Ozren; Poveda, Alaitz; Preuss, Michael H.; Pyarajan, Saiju; Raffield, Laura M.; Rakugi, Hiromi; Ramirez, Julia; Rasheed, Asif; Raven, Dennis; Rayner, Nigel W.; Riveros, Carlos; Rohde, Rebecca; Ruggiero, Daniela; Ruotsalainen, Sanni E.; Ryan, Kathleen A.; Sabater-Lleal, Maria; Saxena, Richa; Scholz, Markus; Sendamarai, Anoop; Shen, Botong; Shi, Jingchunzi; Shin, Jae Hun; Sidore, Carlo; Sitlani, Colleen M.; Slieker, Roderick C.; Smit, Roelof A. J.; Smith, Albert V.; Smith, Jennifer A.; Smyth, Laura J.; Southam, Lorraine; Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur; Sun, Liang; Takeuchi, Fumihiko; Tallapragada, Divya Sri Priyanka; Taylor, Kent D.; Tayo, Bamidele O.; Tcheandjieu, Catherine; Terzikhan, Natalie; Tesolin, Paola; Teumer, Alexander; Theusch, Elizabeth; Thompson, Deborah J.; Thorleifsson, Gudmar; Timmers, Paul R. H. J.; Trompet, Stella; Turman, Constance; Vaccargiu, Simona; van der Laan, Sander W.; van der Most, Peter J.; van Klinken, Jan B.; van Setten, Jessica; Verma, Shefali S.; Verweij, Niek; Veturi, Yogasudha; Wang, Carol A.; Wang, Chaolong; Wang, Lihua; Wang, Zhe; Warren, Helen R.; Bin Wei, Wen; Wickremasinghe, Ananda R.; Wielscher, Matthias; Wiggins, Kerri L.; Winsvold, Bendik K S; Wong, Andrew; Wu, Yang; Wuttke, Matthias; Xia, Rui; Xie, Tian; Yamamoto, Ken; Yang, Jingyun; Yao, Jie; Young, Hannah; Yousri, Noha A.; Yu, Lei; Zeng, Lingyao; Zhang, Weihua; Zhang, Xinyuan; Zhao, Jing-Hua; Zhao, Wei; Zhou, Wei; Zimmermann, Martina E.; Zoledziewska, Magdalena; Adair, Linda S.; Adams, Hieab H. H.; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.; Al-Mulla, Fahd; Arnett, Donna K.; Asselbergs, Folkert W.; Åsvold, Bjørn Olav; Attia, John; Banas, Bernhard; Bandinelli, Stefania; Bennett, David A.; Bergler, Tobias; Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan; Biino, Ginevra; Bisgaard, Hans; Boerwinkle, Eric; Böger, Carsten A.; Bønnelykke, Klaus; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Børglum, Anders D.; Borja, Judith B.; Bouchard, Claude; Bowden, Donald W.; Brandslund, Ivan; Brumpton, Ben Michael; Buring, Julie E.; Caulfield, Mark J.; Chambers, John C.; Chandak, Giriraj R.; Chanock, Stephen J.; Chaturvedi, Nish; Chen, Yii-Der Ida; Chen, Zhengming; Cheng, Ching-Yu; Christophersen, Ingrid E.; Ciullo, Marina; Cole, John W.; Collins, Francis S.; Cooper, Richard S.; Cruz, Miguel; Cucca, Francesco; Cupples, L. Adrienne; Cutler, Michael J.; Damrauer, Scott M.; Dantoft, Thomas M.; de Borst, Gert J.; de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.; De Jager, Philip L.; de Kleijn, Dominique P. V.; Janaka de Silva, de; Dedoussis, George V.; den Hollander, Anneke I.; Du, Shufa; Easton, Douglas F.; Elders, Petra J. M.; Eliassen, A. Heather; Ellinor, Patrick T.; Elmståhl, Sölve; Erdmann, Jeanette; Evans, Michele K.; Fatkin, Diane; Feenstra, Bjarke; Feitosa, Mary F.; Ferrucci, Luigi; Ford, Ian; Fornage, Myriam; Franke, Andre; Franks, Paul W.; Freedman, Barry I.; Gasparini, Paolo; Gieger, Christian; Girotto, Giorgia; Goddard, Michael E.; Golightly, Yvonne M.; Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio; Gordon-Larsen, Penny; Grallert, Harald; Grant, Struan F. A.; Grarup, Niels; Griffiths, Lyn; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Haiman, Christopher; Hakonarson, Hakon; Hansen, Torben; Hartman, Catharina A.; Hattersley, Andrew T.; Hayward, Caroline; Heckbert, Susan R.; Heng, Chew-Kiat; Hengstenberg, Christian; Hewitt, Alex W.; Hishigaki, Haretsugu; Hoyng, Carel B.; Huang, Paul L.; Huang, Wei; Hunt, Steven C.; Hveem, Kristian; Hyppönen, Elina; Iacono, William G.; Ichihara, Sahoko; Ikram, M. Arfan; Isasi, Carmen R.; Jackson, Rebecca D.; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Jin, Zi-Bing; Jöckel, Karl-Heinz; Joshi, Peter K.; Jousilahti, Pekka; Jukema, J. Wouter; Kähönen, Mika; Kamatani, Yoichiro; Kang, Kui Dong; Kaprio, Jaakko; Kardia, Sharon L. R.; Karpe, Fredrik; Kato, Norihiro; Kee, Frank; Kessler, Thorsten; Khera, Amit V.; Khor, Chiea Chuen; Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M.; Kim, Bong-Jo; Kim, Eung Kweon; Kim, Hyung-Lae; Kirchhof, Paulus; Kivimaki, Mika; Koh, Woon-Puay; Koistinen, Heikki A.; Kolovou, Genovefa D.; Kooner, Jaspal S.; Kooperberg, Charles; Köttgen, Anna; Kovacs, Peter; Kraaijeveld, Adriaan; Kraft, Peter; Krauss, Ronald M.; Kumari, Meena; Kutalik, Zoltan; Laakso, Markku; Lange, Leslie A.; Langenberg, Claudia; Launer, Lenore J.; Le Marchand, Loic; Lee, Hyejin; Lee, Nanette R.; Lehtimäki, Terho; Li, Huaixing; Li, Liming; Lieb, Wolfgang; Lin, Xu; Lind, Lars; Linneberg, Allan; Liu, Ching-Ti; Liu, Jianjun; Loeffler, Markus; London, Barry; Lubitz, Steven A.; Lye, Stephen J.; Mackey, David A.; Mägi, Reedik; Magnusson, Patrik K. E.; Marcus, Gregory M.; Vidal, Pedro Marques; Martin, Nicholas G.; März, Winfried; Matsuda, Fumihiko; McGarrah, Robert W.; McGue, Matt; McKnight, Amy Jayne; Medland, Sarah E.; Mellström, Dan; Metspalu, Andres; Mitchell, Braxton D.; Mitchell, Paul; Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O.; Morris, Andrew D.; Mucci, Lorelei A.; Munroe, Patricia B.; Nalls, Mike A.; Nazarian, Saman; Nelson, Amanda E.; Neville, Matt J.; Newton-Cheh, Christopher; Nielsen, Christopher Sivert; Nöthen, Markus M.; Ohlsson, Claes; Oldehinkel, Albertine J.; Orozco, Lorena; Pahkala, Katja; Pajukanta, Päivi; Palmer, Colin N. A.; Parra, Esteban J.; Pattaro, Cristian; Pedersen, Oluf; Pennell, Craig E.; Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.; Perusse, Louis; Peters, Annette; Peyser, Patricia A.; Porteous, David J.; Posthuma, Danielle; Power, Chris; Pramstaller, Peter P.; Province, Michael A.; Qi, Qibin; Qu, Jia; Rader, Daniel J.; Raitakari, Olli T.; Ralhan, Sarju; Rallidis, Loukianos S.; Rao, Dabeeru C.; Redline, Susan; Reilly, Dermot F.; Reiner, Alexander P.; Rhee, Sang Youl; Ridker, Paul M.; Rienstra, Michiel; Ripatti, Samuli; Ritchie, Marylyn D.; Roden, Dan M.; Rosendaal, Frits Richard; Rotter, Jerome I.; Rudan, Igor; Rutters, Femke; Sabanayagam, Charumathi; Saleheen, Danish; Salomaa, Veikko; Samani, Nilesh J.; Sanghera, Dharambir K.; Sattar, Naveed; Schmidt, Börge; Schmidt, Helena; Schmidt, Reinhold; Schulze, Matthias B.; Schunkert, Heribert; Scott, Laura J.; Scott, Rodney J.; Sever, Peter; Shiroma, Eric J.; Shoemaker, M. Benjamin; Shu, Xiao-Ou; Simonsick, Eleanor M.; Sims, Mario; Singh, Jai Rup; Singleton, Andrew B.; Sinner, Moritz F.; Smith, J. Gustav; Snieder, Harold; Spector, Tim D.; Stampfer, Meir J.; Stark, Klaus J.; Strachan, David P.; ‘t Hart, Leen M.; Tabara, Yasuharu; Tang, Hua; Tardif, Jean-Claude; Thanaraj, Thangavel A.; Timpson, Nicholas J.; Tönjes, Anke; Tremblay, Angelo; Tuomi, Tiinamaija; Tuomilehto, Jaakko; Tusié-Luna, Maria-Teresa; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; van Dam, Rob M.; van der Harst, Pim; Van der Velde, Nathalie; van Duijn, Cornelia M.; van Schoor, Natasja M.; Vitart, Veronique; Völker, Uwe; Vollenweider, Peter; Völzke, Henry; Wacher-Rodarte, Niels H.; Walker, Mark; Wang, Ya Xing; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Watanabe, Richard M.; Watkins, Hugh; Weir, David R.; Werge, Thomas M.; Widen, Elisabeth; Wilkens, Lynne R.; Willemsen, Gonneke; Willett, Walter C.; Wilson, James F.; Wong, Tien-Yin; Woo, Jeong-Taek; Wright, Alan F.; Wu, Jer-Yuarn; Xu, Huichun; Yajnik, Chittaranjan S.; Yokota, Mitsuhiro; Yuan, Jian-Min; Zeggini, Eleftheria; Zemel, Babette S.; Zheng, Wei; Zhu, Xiaofeng; Zmuda, Joseph M.; Zonderman, Alan B.; Zwart, John Anker Henrik; Partida, Gabriel Cuellar; Sun, Yan; Croteau-Chonka, Damien; Vonk, Judith M.; Chanock, Stephen; Le Marchand, Loic; Chasman, Daniel I.; Cho, Yoon Shin; Heid, Iris M.; McCarthy, Mark I.; Ng, Maggie C. Y.; O’Donnell, Christopher J.; Rivadeneira, Fernando; Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur; Sun, Yan V.; Tai, E. Shyong; Boehnke, Michael; Deloukas, Panos; Justice, Anne E.; Lindgren, Cecilia M.; Loos, Ruth J. F.; Mohlke, Karen L.; North, Kari E.; Stefansson, Kari; Walters, Robin G.; Winkler, Thomas W.; Young, Kristin L.; Loh, Po-Ru; Yang, Jian; Esko, Tõnu; Assimes, Themistocles L.; Auton, Adam; Abecasis, Goncalo R.; Willer, Cristen J.; Locke, Adam E.; Berndt, Sonja I.; Lettre, Guillaume; Frayling, Timothy M.; Okada, Yukinori; Wood, Andrew R.; Visscher, Peter M.; Hirschhorn, Joel N. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)Common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are predicted to collectively explain 40–50% of phenotypic variation in human height, but identifying the specific variants and associated regions requires huge sample sizes1. ... -
Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis
Kanoni, Stavroula; Graham, Sarah E.; Wang, Yuxuan; Surakka, Ida; Ramdas, Shweta; Zhu, Xiang; Clarke, Shoa L.; Bhatti, Konain Fatima; Vedantam, Sailaja; Winkler, Thomas W.; Locke, Adam E.; Marouli, Eirini; Zajac, Greg J M; Wu, Kuan-Han H; Ntalla, Ioanna; Hui, Qin; Klarin, Derek; Hilliard, Austin T.; Wang, Zeyuan; Xue, Chao; Thorleifsson, Gudmar; Helgadottir, Anna; Gudbjartsson, Daniel F.; Holm, Hilma; Olafsson, Isleifur; Hwang, Mi Yeong; Han, Sohee; Akiyama, Masato; Sakaue, Saori; Terao, Chikashi; Kanai, Masahiro; Zhou, Wei; Brumpton, Ben Michael; Rasheed, Humaira; Havulinna, Aki S.; Veturi, Yogasudha; Pacheco, Jennifer Allen; Rosenthal, Elisabeth A.; Lingren, Todd; Feng, QiPing; Kullo, Iftikhar J.; Narita, Akira; Takayama, Jun; Martin, Hilary C.; Hunt, Karen A.; Trivedi, Bhavi; Haessler, Jeffrey; Giulianini, Franco; Bradford, Yuki; Miller, Jason E.; Campbell, Archie; Lin, Kuang; Millwood, Iona Y.; Rasheed, Asif; Hindy, George; Faul, Jessica D.; Zhao, Wei; Weir, David R.; Turman, Constance; Huang, Hongyan; Graff, Mariaelisa; Choudhury, Ananyo; Sengupta, Dhriti; Mahajan, Anubha; Brown, Michael R.; Zhang, Weihua; Yu, Ketian; Schmidt, Ellen M.; Pandit, Anita; Gustafsson, Stefan; Yin, Xianyong; Luan, Jian'an; Zhao, Jing-Hua; Matsuda, Fumihiko; Jang, Hye-Mi; Yoon, Kyungheon; Medina-Gomez, Carolina; Pitsillides, Achilleas; Hottenga, Jouke Jan; Wood, Andrew R.; Ji, Yingji; Gao, Zishan; Haworth, Simon; Yousri, Noha A.; Mitchell, Ruth E.; Chai, Jin Fang; Aadahl, Mette; Bjerregaard, Anne A.; Yao, Jie; Manichaikul, Ani; Hwu, Chii-Min; Hung, Yi-Jen; Warren, Helen R.; Ramirez, Julia; Bork-Jensen, Jette; Kårhus, Line L.; Goel, Anuj; Sabater-Lleal, Maria; Noordam, Raymond; Mauro, Pala; Matteo, Floris; McDaid, Aaron F.; Marques-Vidal, Pedro; Wielscher, Matthias; Trompet, Stella; Sattar, Naveed; Møllehave, Line T.; Munz, Matthias; Zeng, Lingyao; Huang, Jianfeng; Yang, Bin; Poveda, Alaitz; Kurbasic, Azra; Lamina, Claudia; Forer, Lukas; Scholz, Markus; Galesloot, Tessel E.; Bradfield, Jonathan P.; Ruotsalainen, Sanni E.; Daw, EWarwick; Zmuda, Joseph M.; Mitchell, Jonathan S.; Fuchsberger, Christian; Christensen, Henry; Brody, Jennifer A.; Vazquez-Moreno, Miguel; Feitosa, Mary F.; Wojczynski, Mary K.; Wang, Zhe; Preuss, Michael H.; Mangino, Massimo; Christofidou, Paraskevi; Verweij, Niek; Benjamins, Jan W.; Engmann, Jorgen; Tsao, Noah L.; Verma, Anurag; Slieker, Roderick C.; Lo, Ken Sin; Zilhao, Nuno R.; Le, Phuong; Kleber, Marcus E.; Delgado, Graciela E.; Huo, Shaofeng; Ikeda, Daisuke D.; Iha, Hiroyuki; Yang, Jian; Liu, Jun; Demirkan, Ayşe; Leonard, Hampton L.; Marten, Jonathan; Frank, Mirjam; Schmidt, Börge; Smyth, Laura J.; Cañadas-Garre, Marisa; Wang, Chaolong; Nakatochi, Masahiro; Wong, Andrew; Hutri-Kähönen, Nina; Sim, Xueling; Xia, Rui; Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia; Fernandez-Lopez, Juan Carlos; Lyssenko, Valeriya; Nongmaithem, Suraj S.; Bayyana, Swati; Stringham, Heather M.; Irvin, Marguerite R.; Oldmeadow, Christopher; Kim, Han-Na; Ryu, Seungho; Timmers, Paul R H J; Arbeeva, Liubov; Dorajoo, Rajkumar; Lange, Leslie A.; Prasad, Gauri; Lorés-Motta, Laura; Pauper, Marc; Long, Jirong; Li, Xiaohui; Theusch, Elizabeth; Takeuchi, Fumihiko; Spracklen, Cassandra N.; Loukola, Anu; Bollepalli, Sailalitha; Warner, Sophie C.; Wang, Ya Xing; Wei, Wen B.; Nutile, Teresa; Ruggiero, Daniela; Sung, Yun Ju; Chen, Shufeng; Liu, Fangchao; Yang, Jingyun; Kentistou, Katherine A.; Banas, Bernhard; Nardone, Giuseppe Giovanni; Meidtner, Karina; Bielak, Lawrence F.; Smith, Jennifer A.; Hebbar, Prashantha; Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni; Hofer, Edith; Lin, Maoxuan; Concas, Maria Pina; Vaccargiu, Simona; van der Most, Peter J.; Pitkänen, Niina; Cade, Brian E.; van der Laan, Sander W.; Chitrala, Kumaraswamy Naidu; Weiss, Stefan; Bentley, Amy R.; Doumatey, Ayo P.; Adeyemo, Adebowale A.; Lee, Jong Young; Petersen, Eva R B; Nielsen, Aneta A.; Choi, Hyeok Sun; Nethander, Maria; Freitag-Wolf, Sandra; Southam, Lorraine; Rayner, Nigel W.; Wang, Carol A.; Lin, Shih-Yi; Wang, Jun-Sing; Couture, Christian; Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka; Nikus, Kjell; Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel; Vestergaard, Henrik; Hidalgo, Bertha; Giannakopoulou, Olga; Cai, Qiuyin; Obura, Morgan O.; van Setten, Jessica; Li, Xiaoyin; Liang, Jingjing; Tang, Hua; Terzikhan, Natalie; Shin, Jae Hun; Jackson, Rebecca D.; Reiner, Alexander P.; Martin, Lisa Warsinger; Chen, Zhengming; Li, Liming; Kawaguchi, Takahisa; Thiery, Joachim; Bis, Joshua C.; Launer, Lenore J.; Li, Huaixing; Nalls, Mike A.; Raitakari, Olli T.; Ichihara, Sahoko; Wild, Sarah H.; Nelson, Christopher P.; Campbell, Harry; Jäger, Susanne; Nabika, Toru; Al-Mulla, Fahd; Niinikoski, Harri; Braund, Peter S.; Kolcic, Ivana; Kovacs, Peter; Giardoglou, Tota; Katsuya, Tomohiro; de Kleijn, Dominique; de Borst, Gert J.; Kim, Eung Kweon; Adams, Hieab H H; Ikram, M Arfan; Zhu, Xiaofeng; Asselbergs, Folkert W.; Kraaijeveld, Adriaan O.; Beulens, Joline W J; Shu, Xiao-Ou; Rallidis, Loukianos S.; Pedersen, Oluf; Hansen, Torben; Mitchell, Paul; Hewitt, Alex W.; Kähönen, Mika; Pérusse, Louis; Bouchard, Claude; Tönjes, Anke; Chen, Yii-Der Ida; Pennell, Craig E.; Mori, Trevor A.; Lieb, Wolfgang; Franke, Andre; Ohlsson, Claes; Mellström, Dan; Cho, Yoon Shin; Lee, Hyejin; Yuan, Jian-Min; Koh, Woon-Puay; Rhee, Sang Youl; Woo, Jeong-Taek; Heid, Iris M.; Stark, Klaus J.; Zimmermann, Martina E.; Völzke, Henry; Homuth, Georg; Evans, Michele K.; Zonderman, Alan B.; Polasek, Ozren; Pasterkamp, Gerard; Hoefer, Imo E.; Redline, Susan; Pahkala, Katja; Oldehinkel, Albertine J.; Snieder, Harold; Biino, Ginevra; Schmidt, Reinhold; Schmidt, Helena; Bandinelli, Stefania; Dedoussis, George; Thanaraj, Thangavel Alphonse; Kardia, Sharon L R; Peyser, Patricia A.; Kato, Norihiro; Schulze, Matthias B.; Girotto, Giorgia; Böger, Carsten A.; Jung, Bettina; Joshi, Peter K.; Bennett, David A.; De Jager, Philip L.; Lu, Xiangfeng; Mamakou, Vasiliki; Brown, Morris; Caulfield, Mark J.; Munroe, Patricia B.; Guo, Xiuqing; Ciullo, Marina; Jonas, Jost B.; Samani, Nilesh J.; Kaprio, Jaakko; Pajukanta, Päivi; Tusié-Luna, Teresa; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.; Adair, Linda S.; Bechayda, Sonny Augustin; de Silva, H Janaka; Wickremasinghe, Ananda R.; Krauss, Ronald M.; Wu, Jer-Yuarn; Zheng, Wei; Hollander, Anneke Iden; Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan; Correa, Adolfo; Wilson, James G.; Lind, Lars; Heng, Chew-Kiat; Nelson, Amanda E.; Golightly, Yvonne M.; Wilson, James F.; Penninx, Brenda; Kim, Hyung-Lae; Attia, John; Scott, Rodney J.; Rao, D.C.; Arnett, Donna K.; Hunt, Steven C.; Walker, Mark; Koistinen, Heikki A.; Chandak, Giriraj R.; Mercader, Josep M.; Costanzo, Maria C.; Jang, Dongkeun; Burtt, Noël P; Villalpando, Clicerio Gonzalez; Orozco, Lorena; Fornage, Myriam; Tai, EShyong; van Dam, Rob M.; Lehtimäki, Terho; Chaturvedi, Nish; Yokota, Mitsuhiro; Liu, Jianjun; Reilly, Dermot F.; McKnight, Amy Jayne; Kee, Frank; Jöckel, Karl-Heinz; McCarthy, Mark I.; Palmer, Colin N A; Vitart, Veronique; Hayward, Caroline; Simonsick, Eleanor; van Duijn, Cornelia M.; Jin, Zi-Bing; Qu, Jia; Hishigaki, Haretsugu; Lin, Xu; März, Winfried; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Tardif, Jean-Claude; Lettre, Guillaume; Hart, Leen M 't; Elders, Petra J M; Damrauer, Scott M.; Kumari, Meena; Kivimaki, Mika; van der Harst, Pim; Spector, Tim D.; Loos, Ruth J F; Province, Michael A.; Parra, Esteban J.; Cruz, Miguel; Psaty, Bruce M.; Brandslund, Ivan; Pramstaller, Peter P.; Rotimi, Charles N.; Christensen, Kaare; Ripatti, Samuli; Widén, Elisabeth; Hakonarson, Hakon; Grant, Struan F A; Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M; de Graaf, Jacqueline; Loeffler, Markus; Kronenberg, Florian; Gu, Dongfeng; Erdmann, Jeanette; Schunkert, Heribert; Franks, Paul W.; Linneberg, Allan; Jukema, J Wouter; Khera, Amit V.; Männikkö, Minna; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Kutalik, Zoltan; Francesco, Cucca; Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O.; van Dijk, Ko Willems; Watkins, Hugh; Strachan, David P.; Grarup, Niels; Sever, Peter; Poulter, Neil; Chuang, Lee-Ming; Rotter, Jerome I.; Dantoft, Thomas M.; Karpe, Fredrik; Neville, Matt J.; Timpson, Nicholas J.; Cheng, Ching-Yu; Wong, Tien-Yin; Khor, Chiea Chuen; Li, Hengtong; Sabanayagam, Charumathi; Peters, Annette; Gieger, Christian; Hattersley, Andrew T.; Pedersen, Nancy L.; Magnusson, Patrik K E; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Willemsen, Allegonda H M; Cupples, LAdrienne; van Meurs, Joyce B J; Ghanbari, Mohsen; Gordon-Larsen, Penny; Huang, Wei; Kim, Young Jin; Tabara, Yasuharu; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Langenberg, Claudia; Zeggini, Eleftheria; Kuusisto, Johanna; Laakso, Markku; Ingelsson, Erik; Abecasis, Goncalo; Chambers, John C.; Kooner, Jaspal S.; de Vries, Paul S.; Morrison, Alanna C.; Hazelhurst, Scott; Ramsay, Michèle; North, Kari E.; Daviglus, Martha; Kraft, Peter; Martin, Nicholas G.; Whitfield, John B.; Abbas, Shahid; Saleheen, Danish; Walters, Robin G.; Holmes, Michael V.; Black, Corri; Smith, Blair H.; Baras, Aris; Justice, Anne E.; Buring, Julie E.; Ridker, Paul M.; Chasman, Daniel I.; Kooperberg, Charles; Tamiya, Gen; Yamamoto, Masayuki; van Heel, David A.; Trembath, Richard C.; Wei, Wei-Qi; Jarvik, Gail P.; Namjou, Bahram; Hayes, M Geoffrey; Ritchie, Marylyn D.; Jousilahti, Pekka; Salomaa, Veikko; Hveem, Kristian; Åsvold, Bjørn Olav; Kubo, Michiaki; Kamatani, Yoichiro; Okada, Yukinori; Murakami, Yoshinori; Kim, Bong-Jo; Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur; Stefansson, Kari; Zhang, Jifeng; Chen, YEugene; Ho, Yuk-Lam; Lynch, Julie A.; Rader, Daniel J.; Tsao, Philip S.; Chang, Kyong-Mi; Cho, Kelly; O'Donnell, Christopher J.; Gaziano, John M.; Wilson, Peter W F; Frayling, Timothy M.; Hirschhorn, Joel N.; Kathiresan, Sekar; Mohlke, Karen L.; Sun, Yan V.; Morris, Andrew P.; Boehnke, Michael; Brown, Christopher D.; Natarajan, Pradeep; Deloukas, Panos; Willer, Cristen J.; Assimes, Themistocles L.; Peloso, Gina M. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)Background Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding ...