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dc.contributor.authorHaavik, Kjetil Eik
dc.contributor.authorLandrø, Martin
dc.date.accessioned2016-11-28T10:18:58Z
dc.date.accessioned2017-01-18T08:50:45Z
dc.date.available2016-11-28T10:18:58Z
dc.date.available2017-01-18T08:50:45Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.identifier.citationQuaternary Science Reviews 2014, 103:34-50nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn0277-3791
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2427596
dc.description.abstractConventional 3D seismic data provides direct evidence for glacial influence during the early Pleistocenesedimentation in the Central North Sea. We identify iceberg ploughmarks as dim linear to curve-linearfeatures in three early Pleistocene horizons that have high reflection amplitude compared to adjacenthorizons. The anomalous horizons are interpreted to be reflections from thin sandy layers saturated withgas. The gas acts as a contrast liquid illuminating the thin sand layers. The reason for this is the differencein acoustic properties between water and gas saturated sand layers. The combination of thin bed effectsand shallow gas makes the iceberg ploughmarks easily detectable as dim features in seismic reflectionamplitude maps. Our interpretation is based on analysis of real seismic data, well logs and modeledseismic response. The methods we use include interpretation of horizons followed by extraction ofreflection amplitudes, well log analysis, pre-stack amplitude versus offset analysis of high resolution 2Dseismic data and time-lapse analysis of seismic. Seismic modeling is performed to study interactionsbetween thin sand beds, shallow gas and iceberg ploughmarks. A new trapping mechanism for shallowgas is presented and seismic modeling of this trap strengthens our interpretation. The trap is created byiceberg ploughmarks in sandy layers that are covered byfiner and less permeable sediments. For thisarea wefind that conventional seismic interpretation is superior to the much used method of studyingseismic time-slices for detection of iceberg ploughmarks, both with respect to time and detectability.This study shows that the interpreter should look for high amplitude horizons with amplitude variationslaterally when trying to detect iceberg ploughmarks.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherElseviernb_NO
dc.rightsNavngivelse-Ikkekommersiell-DelPåSammeVilkår 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleIceberg ploughmarks illuminated by shallow gas in the central North Seanb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.date.updated2016-11-28T10:18:58Z
dc.source.pagenumber34-50nb_NO
dc.source.volume103nb_NO
dc.source.journalQuaternary Science Reviewsnb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.002
dc.identifier.cristin1187284
dc.description.localcode©2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-SAlicense (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/)nb_NO


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