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Effect of Curvature on Seismic Data and Amplitude Analysis: A Modeling Study

Heiebråten, Eivind Bøhn
Master thesis
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/240575
Date
2014
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  • Institutt for geovitenskap og petroleum [1852]
Abstract
The effect of curvature upon AVO-analysis and the capability of Kirchhoff time migration to remove these effects were investigated in this thesis. Curvature focuses or de-focuses seismic waves depending on the shape of the structure. If not removed or accounted for, such effects could introduce false anomalies in the seismic data that could be misinterpreted. A prospect from the Norwegian Sea, situated in the basin of a graben system provided motivation for the work in this thesis. Analysis of synthetic data from simple geological models of synclines, together with a more realistic model, was done to investigate this. Standard pre-stack Kirchhoff migration was applied during processing before analysis was performed. Prismatic waves and refractions were observed distorting the migrated data and could potentially cause problems in AVO-analysis. Results predicted that false anomalies that can be misinterpreted as fluid effects could be introduced by the refracted/prismatic waves. The results did predict though, that strong curvature and large contrasts across interfaces were required to obtain such effects in the offset range commonly utilized in AVO-analysis. The problem was expected to be more relevant for analysis where larger offsets are used. Pre-stack Kirchhoff time migration incorrectly recovered reflection coefficients, but handled curvature effects sufficiently. Deviations from the analytical solutions were observed, but the estimated parameters followed a compaction/background trend in cross plots. No anomalous trends were introduced by focusing/de-focusing effects in the results seen in this thesis. The results of this thesis could be relevant for future exploration, where prospects from analogue graben areas are investigated.
Publisher
Institutt for petroleumsteknologi og anvendt geofysikk

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