Browsing NTNU Open by Author "Tufto, Jarle"
Now showing items 1-20 of 27
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A Continuous-Time, Discrete-Space Statistical Model for Estimating Dispersal Rate Applied to a Population of House Sparrows (Passer Domnesticus) in Northern Norway
Drahus, Kristin Mathilde (Master thesis, 2015)How individuals move and interact with each other is a complex matter. Even so, the knowledge of how such movements and interactions happen is important to understand in order to be able to keep genetic variation and ... -
A new latent-variable statistical method for estimating the cost of phenotypic plasticity
Rønning, Ingri Benedicte (Master thesis, 2020)En ny latent variabel-metode for å oppdage kostnaden av plastisitet i en population har blitt testet ved hjelp av simuleringer. Individuell fitness ble modellert av en Poisson-fordeling med forventningsverdi i henhold til ... -
A theoretical and empirical assessment of probabilistic multiple choice tests
Kval Bakken, Torunn (Master thesis, 2017)In this thesis, the probabilistic multiple choice test is analysed empirically and theoretically. It is suggested as an alternative to the traditional multiple choice test. The probabilistic multiple choice test has a long ... -
A time-series model for estimating temporal variation in phenotypic selection on laying dates in a Dutch great tit population
Cao, Yihan; Visser, Marcel E; Tufto, Jarle (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)1. Temporal and spatial variation in phenotypic selection due to changing environmental conditions is of great interest to evolutionary biologists, but few existing methods estimating its magnitude take into account the ... -
Analysis of dominance hierarchies using generalized mixed models
Kristiansen, Thomas (Master thesis, 2011)This master s thesis investigates how well a generalized mixed model fits different dominance data sets. The data sets mainly represent disputes between individuals in a closed group, and the model to be used is an adjusted, ... -
Analyzing the Impact of COVID-19 on the Total Points Scored in NBA Basketball Matches: A Comparitive Study of Pre and Post-Pandemic Seasons
Rasmussen, Ola Runeson (Bachelor thesis, 2023)I denne oppgaven skal jeg analysere hvilken innvirkning Covid-19-pandemien hadde på antall poeng scoret i en NBA-basketballkamp. Jeg skal finne den modellen som passer best til dataene, og analysere hjemmebanefordelen og ... -
Domestication and fitness in the wild: A multivariate view
Tufto, Jarle (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)Domesticated species continually escaping and interbreeding with wild relatives impose a migration load on wild populations. As domesticated stocks become increasingly different as a result of artificial and natural selection ... -
Endoparasite infection has both short- and long-term negative effects on reproductive success of female house sparrows, as revealed by faecal parasitic egg counts
Holand, Håkon; Jensen, Henrik; Tufto, Jarle; Pärn, Henrik; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Ringsby, Thor Harald (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015)Parasites have the potential to severely reduce host reproductive success. However, the effects of endoparasites on reproductive success have not received the same amount of attention as the effects of parasites on host ... -
Environmental drivers of varying selective optima in a small passerine: A multivariate, multiepisodic approach
Gamelon, Marlène; Tufto, Jarle; Nilsson, Anna; Jerstad, Kurt; Røstad, Ole Wiggo; Stenseth, Nils Christian; Sæther, Bernt-Erik (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)In changing environments, phenotypic traits are shaped by numerous agents of selection. The optimal phenotypic value maximizing the fitness of an individual thus varies through time and space with various environmental ... -
Estimating the variation, autocorrelation, and environmental sensitivity of phenotypic selection
Chevin, Luis-Miguel; Visser, Marcel E.; Tufto, Jarle (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015)Despite considerable interest in temporal and spatial variation of phenotypic selection, very few methods allow quantifying this variation while correctly accounting for the error variance of each individual estimate. ... -
Genetic evolution, plasticity, and bet-hedging as adaptive responses to temporally autocorrelated fluctuating selection: A quantitative genetic model
Tufto, Jarle (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015)Adaptive responses to autocorrelated environmental fluctuations through evolution in mean reaction norm elevation and slope and an independent component of the phenotypic variance are analyzed using a quantitative genetic ... -
Genetic variation and structure of house sparrow populations: is there an island effect?
Jensen, Henrik; Moe, Rune; Hagen, Ingerid Julie; Holand, Anna Marie; Kekkonen, Jaana; Tufto, Jarle; Sæther, Bernt-Erik (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2013)Population genetic structure and intrapopulation levels of genetic variation have important implications for population dynamics and evolutionary processes. Habitat fragmentation is one of the major threats to biodiversity. ... -
Improper priors and improper posteriors
Taraldsen, Gunnar; Tufto, Jarle; Lindqvist, Bo Henry (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)What is a good prior? Actual prior knowledge should be used, but for complex models this is often not easily available. The knowledge can be in the form of symmetry assumptions, and then the choice will typically be an ... -
Inference of migration patterns from genetic data using Approximate Bayesian computation
Bratsberg, Andrea Mathisen (Master thesis, 2020)Det er i teorien mulig å rekonstruere historien til en populasjon ut fra "dagens" genfrekvenser. Å finne en måte å kunne både estimere migrasjonsmønstre og stamtrær, er spesielt viktig. Estimering av migrasjonmønstre er ... -
Lower survival probability of house sparrows severely infected by the gapeworm parasite
Holand, Håkon; Jensen, Henrik; Tufto, Jarle; Soliman, Mustafa M.; Pärn, Henrik; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Ringsby, Thor Harald (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014)The effect of parasites in natural populations has received increasing attention in recent years. Studies have shown that parasites may play an important part in population ecology due to their potential effects on host ... -
Parasite prevalence increases with temperature in an avian metapopulation in northern Norway
Holand, Håkon; Jensen, Henrik; Kvalnes, Thomas; Tufto, Jarle; Pärn, Henrik; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Ringsby, Thor Harald (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)Climate and weather conditions may have substantial effects on the ecology of both parasites and hosts in natural populations. The strength and shape of the effects of weather on parasites and hosts are likely to change ... -
Performance prediction with a hierarchical poisson model using Template Model Builder
Baltzersen, Eivind (Master thesis, 2020)I dette prosjektet bruker vi en hierariske poisson–log-normal angreps- og forsvars-modell for Eliteserien 2019 til å finne forventet sluttresultat i tabellen. Vi bruker forskjellige autoregressive tidsrekkemodeller til å ... -
Pre-adaptation or genetic shift after introduction in the invasive species Impatiens glandulifera?
Elst, Evelyne M.; Acharya, Kamal Prasad; Dar, Pervaiz A.; Reshi, Zafar A.; Tufto, Jarle; Nijs, Ivan; Graae, Bente Jessen (Journal article, 2016)Invasive exotic plants often grow fast, reproduce rapidly and display considerable phenotypic plasticity in their invasive range, which may be essential characteristics for successful invasion. However, it remains unclear ... -
Predictions of football results in the Premier League and its use on the betting market
Alten-Ronæss, Johannes (Master thesis, 2021)I denne Masteroppgaven introduserer jeg ulike parametriske statistiske modeller, som ligner Generaliserte lineære blandede modeller, og jeg bruker de estimerte verdiene fra modellene til å prediktere resultatene for fotball ... -
Short‐term insurance versus long‐term bet‐hedging strategies as adaptations to variable environments
Haaland, Thomas; Wright, Jonathan; Tufto, Jarle; Ratikainen, Irja Ida (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)Understanding how organisms adapt to environmental variation is a key challenge of biology. Central to this are bet‐hedging strategies that maximize geometric mean fitness across generations, either by being conservative ...