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dc.contributor.authorBadkoobeh, Farzad
dc.contributor.authorMostaan, Hossein
dc.contributor.authorRafiei, Mahdi
dc.contributor.authorBakhsheshi-Rad, Hamid Reza
dc.contributor.authorBerto, Filippo
dc.date.accessioned2023-03-06T14:05:37Z
dc.date.available2023-03-06T14:05:37Z
dc.date.created2022-04-11T10:16:06Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.citationMetals. 2022, 12 (1), .en_US
dc.identifier.issn2075-4701
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/3056139
dc.description.abstractFerritic–martensitic dual-phase (DP) steels are prominent and advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) broadly employed in automotive industries. Hence, extensive study is conducted regarding the relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties of DP steels due to the high importance of DP steels in these industries. In this respect, this paper was aimed at reviewing the microstructural characteristics and strengthening mechanisms of DP steels. This review article represents that the main microstructural characteristics of DP steels include the ferrite grain size (FGS), martensite volume fraction (MVF), and martensite morphology (MM), which play a key role in the strengthening mechanisms and mechanical properties. In other words, these can act as strengthening factors, which were separately considered in this paper. Thus, the properties of DP steels are intensely governed by focusing on these characteristics (i.e., FGS, MVF, and MM). This review article addressed the improvement techniques of strengthening mechanisms and the effects of hardening factors on mechanical properties. The relevant techniques were also made up of several processing routes, e.g., thermal cycling, cold rolling, hot rolling, etc., that could make a great strength–ductility balance. Lastly, this review paper could provide substantial assistance to researchers and automotive engineers for DP steel manufacturing with excellent properties. Hence, researchers and automotive engineers are also able to design automobiles using DP steels that possess the lowest fuel consumption and prevent accidents that result from premature mechanical failures.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleMicrostructural Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Ferritic–Martensitic Dual-Phase Steels: A Reviewen_US
dc.title.alternativeMicrostructural Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Ferritic–Martensitic Dual-Phase Steels: A Reviewen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.source.pagenumber30en_US
dc.source.volume12en_US
dc.source.journalMetalsen_US
dc.source.issue1en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/met12010101
dc.identifier.cristin2016633
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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