Abstract
Abstract
Background: There is a continued focus on studying non-verbal behaviors in clinical settings, and the amplitude of effects these might have. The primary aim of this study was to measure the validity and reliability of four different sets of NBs that were shown in videos, and as such, to see if the videos were different in the way they should be. The secondary aim of this study was to investigate the effects of positive micro-level NBs on cream efficacy.
Methods: The participants of this study were given training to code non-verbal behaviors, and subsequently rated 21 videos of NBs in total, since there were 7 different videos, and 3 actors, all performing the 7 different videos. For the secondary aim, recruited participants completed an online survey that contained excerpts from these videos, and with several measures that participants filled out.
Results: The results demonstrated that the 7 videos were different, revealing that the preconditioning videos were equally neutral, and the videos with only one positive channel were only correspondingly positive in only the channel that they were meant to. Results from the secondary aim regarding the effects of positive micro-level NBs on cream efficacy failed to present findings indicating any effects.
Conclusion: The NBs tested were dissimilar, and the isolation was satisfactory, which may have shown that NBs can be systematically manipulated. Due to a lack of findings for the secondary aim, it is advised that pain induction scenarios and different placebo interventions are investigated in the future.
