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dc.contributor.authorEikemo, Terje Andreas
dc.contributor.authorHoffmann, Rasmus
dc.contributor.authorKulik, Margarete C.
dc.contributor.authorKulhánová, Ivana
dc.contributor.authorToch-Marquardt, Marlen
dc.contributor.authorMenvielle, Gwenn
dc.contributor.authorLooman, Caspar
dc.contributor.authorJasilionis, Domantas
dc.contributor.authorMartikainen, Pekka
dc.contributor.authorLundberg, Olle
dc.contributor.authorMackenbach, Johan P.
dc.date.accessioned2015-01-06T09:47:02Z
dc.date.accessioned2016-04-21T07:07:16Z
dc.date.available2015-01-06T09:47:02Z
dc.date.available2016-04-21T07:07:16Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.identifier.citationPLoS ONE 2014, 9(11)nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2386589
dc.description.abstractBackground: Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality are one of the greatest challenges for health policy in all European countries, but the potential for reducing these inequalities is unclear. We therefore quantified the impact of equalizing the distribution of six risk factors for mortality: smoking, overweight, lack of physical exercise, lack of social participation, low income, and economic inactivity. Methods: We collected and harmonized data on mortality and risk factors by educational level for 21 European populations in the early 2000s. The impact of the risk factors on mortality in each educational group was determined using Population Attributable Fractions. We estimated the impact on inequalities in mortality of two scenarios: a theoretical upward levelling scenario in which inequalities in the risk factor were completely eliminated, and a more realistic best practice scenario, in which inequalities in the risk factor were reduced to those seen in the country with the smallest inequalities for that risk factor. Findings: In general, upward levelling of inequalities in smoking, low income and economic inactivity hold the greatest potential for reducing inequalities in mortality. While the importance of low income is similar across Europe, smoking is more important in the North and East, and overweight in the South. On the basis of best practice scenarios the potential for reducing inequalities in mortality is often smaller, but still substantial in many countries for smoking and physical inactivity. Interpretation: Theoretically, there is a great potential for reducing inequalities in mortality in most European countries, for example by equity-oriented tobacco control policies, income redistribution and employment policies. Although it is necessary to achieve substantial degrees of upward levelling to make a notable difference for inequalities in mortality, the existence of best practice countries with more favourable distributions for some of these risk factors suggests that this is feasible.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherPublic Library of Sciencenb_NO
dc.rightsNavngivelse 3.0 Norge*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/no/*
dc.titleHow Can Inequalities in Mortality Be Reduced? A Quantitative Analysis of 6 Risk Factors in 21 European Populationsnb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.date.updated2015-01-06T09:47:02Z
dc.source.volume9nb_NO
dc.source.journalPLoS ONEnb_NO
dc.source.issue11nb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0110952
dc.identifier.cristin1170602
dc.description.localcode© 2014 Eikemo et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.nb_NO


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