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A Semi-Industrial Scale Process to Produce Carbon Membranes for Gas Separation

Haider, Shamim
Doctoral thesis
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http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2638951
Utgivelsesdato
2019
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  • Institutt for kjemisk prosessteknologi [1268]
Sammendrag
Carbon molecular sieve membranes (CMSMs) are thin carbon barriers, usually in the shape of a film or hollow fibre, that are capable of selectively transporting certain gases. CMSMs are prepared by the thermal decomposition, in a controlled chemical environment, of organic compounds (precursor) that do not melt or soften during carbonization.

The utilization of CMSMs in commercial stage is still unavailable due to expensive precursor materials and a complex multi-step preparation process. The objective of this research work was the preparation of CMSMs from cellulose acetate, which is a relatively cheap, environmentally friendly, and abundant raw material, for gas separation.

A pilot-scale facility with annual production capacity of 700m2 CMSMs was developed and the production process was optimized. The process for precursor fibre preparation involves several steps like spinning, winding, water and chemical treatment, and drying, and these steps were optimized to achieve a mechanically robust cellulose-precursor membrane. These precursor membranes were carbonized at high temperature (550-850°C) and carbonization conditions were optimized to achieve high performance CMSMs for different applications. Prepared CMSMs exhibited significant separation properties for carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) and, air separation. Techno-economic evaluation showed that CMSMs have nice potential for applications such as biogas upgrading to vehicle fuel, natural gas separation, and oxygen enriched air. Chemical, thermal, or electrical treatment can be performed effectively to minimize the aging effect.

High separation performance and low operational cost make CMSMs a good candidate for gas separation applications especially where high chemical and/or thermal resistance is required. However, there are only a few manufacturers involved in the production of carbon membranes, and this is because greater costs are involved in producing and making carbon membrane modules. Nevertheless, more research work is needed to produce carbon membranes at a lower price.
Består av
Paper 1: Haider, Shamim; Lie, Jon Arvid; Lindbråthen, Arne; Hagg, May-Britt. Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor -Part I: Optimal Conditions for Precursor Preparation. Membranes 2018 ;Volum 8.(4) © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes8040105

Paper 2: Haider, Shamim; Lie, Jon Arvid; Lindbråthen, Arne; Hagg, May-Britt. Pilot–Scale Production of Carbon Hollow Fiber Membranes from Regenerated Cellulose Precursor-Part II: Carbonization Procedure. Membranes 2018 ;Volum 8.(4) s. 1-13 © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes8040097

Paper 3: Haider, Shamim; Lindbråthen, Arne; Lie, Jon Arvid; Hagg, May-Britt. Regenerated cellulose based carbon membranes for CO2 separation; Durability and aging under miscellaneous environments. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 2019 ;Volum 70. s. 363-371 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2018.10.037

Paper 4: Haider, Shamim; Lindbråthen, Arne; Lie, Jon Arvid; Andersen, Ingerid Caroline Tvenning; Hagg, May-Britt. CO2 separation with carbon membranes in high pressure and elevated temperature applications. Separation and Purification Technology 2017 ;Volum 190. s. 177-189 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2017.08.038

Paper 5: Haider, Shamim; Lindbråthen, Arne; Lie, Jon Arvid; Carstensen, Petter Vattekar; Johannessen, Thorbjørn; Hagg, May-Britt. Vehicle fuel from biogas with carbon membranes; a comparison between simulation predictions and actual field demonstration. Green Energy & Environment 2018 ;Volum 3.(3) s. 266-276 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gee.2018.03.003 - This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license

Paper 6: Haider, Shamim; Lindbråthen, Arne; Hagg, May-Britt. Techno-economical evaluation of membrane based biogas upgrading system; a comparison between polymeric membrane and carbon membrane technology. Green Energy & Environment 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gee.2016.10.003 - This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license

Paper 7: Haider, Shamim; Lindbråthen, Arne; Lie, Jon Arvid; Hagg, May-Britt. Carbon membranes for oxygen enriched air – Part I: Synthesis, performance and preventive regeneration. Separation and Purification Technology 2018 ;Volum 204. s. 290-297 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.05.014

Paper 8: Haider, Shamim; Lindbråthen, Arne; Lie, Jon Arvid; Hagg, May-Britt. Carbon membranes for oxygen enriched air – Part II: Techno-economic analysis. Separation and Purification Technology 2018 ;Volum 205. s. 251-262 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.05.037
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NTNU
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Doctoral theses at NTNU;2019:296

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