Birds, bees and bats: Exploring possibilities for cohabitation in the more-than-human city

Abstract

Urbanization pressures are creating conditions for greater urban density. However, cities are home for both humans and a diversity of nonhuman natures, where heightened proximity between species can cause friction and conflict. This paper explores possibilities for convivial multispecies cohabitation in more-than-human cities. It grounds more-than-human theory through the application of three case studies – birds, bees and bats – based in the city of Trondheim, Norway. Drawing on three related studies, these creatures help illuminate what kind of spaces, needs and considerations are required beyond a human-centric focus in the urban environment. Issues to consider include disease, insecure land access and unpredictable and complex feedback loops, while benefits from nonhuman natures include sources of wellbeing, food and wonder. Relevant concepts include agency, assemblage, and urban acupuncture. The paper also develops the concept of ‘multispecies mutualisms’ and offers a suite of suggestions for design interventions.