Show simple item record

dc.contributor.authorDaniali, Hojjat
dc.contributor.authorRuben, Mollie A.
dc.contributor.authorFlaten, Magne Arve
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-13T12:44:43Z
dc.date.available2024-03-13T12:44:43Z
dc.date.created2023-11-28T12:50:31Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.identifier.citationFrontiers in Psychology. 2023, 14 .en_US
dc.identifier.issn1664-1078
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/3122145
dc.description.abstractObjective: Non-verbal behaviors (NBs) of caregivers affect pain reports and placebo effects. However, little experimental research has systematically examined the caregivers' NBs. This study protocol and preparatory study report a systematic manipulation of experimenters' NBs to investigate pain report and placebo effects. Methods: We propose an experiment in which videotaped experimenters (VEs) conduct a pain stimulation and a placebo treatment study. The VEs express one positively enhanced NB and keep the other NBs neutral. Participants will be randomized to either the positive facial expressions (+FE), tone of voice (+TV), body movement (+BM), or neutral NBs (i.e., neutral condition; NC) of the VEs. As a preparatory study for proof of concept, two groups of NB coders from Norway and the USA separately rated the degree of NBs (eye contact, body postures and movements, and tone of voice), and impressions of dominance and being in charge, positivity, and expressivity from each NB video. The NB videos had construct validity and reliability. The +BM and +FE were rated as more dominant and in charge than the +TV and the NC. The +FE and +BM were rated as the most positive and expressive NBs, respectively. Expected results: +FE will have the largest placebo effects on pain and stress levels. However, transmitting the NBs to patients by VEs is challenging. Moreover, controlling for the effects of research assistants present in the testing room is challenging. Discussion: We propose that caregivers' NBs affect pain reports and placebo effects. Moreover, different NBs elicit different impressions, and a better understanding of the role of caregiver NBs requires more rigorous investigations. Lastly, aiming to investigate the caregiver NBs, the varying degrees of micro-NBs and their effects on the formation of impressions should be considered.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherFrontiers Media S. A.en_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleSystematic manipulation of experimenters' non-verbal behaviors for the investigation of pain reports and placebo effectsen_US
dc.title.alternativeSystematic manipulation of experimenters' non-verbal behaviors for the investigation of pain reports and placebo effectsen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.source.pagenumber13en_US
dc.source.volume14en_US
dc.source.journalFrontiers in Psychologyen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1248127
dc.identifier.cristin2203782
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


Files in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record

Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal