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dc.contributor.authorLangberg, Håkon Austad
dc.contributor.authorArp, Hans Peter
dc.contributor.authorBreedveld, Gijs D.
dc.contributor.authorSlinde, Gøril Aasen
dc.contributor.authorHøisæter, Åse
dc.contributor.authorGrønning, Hege Mentzoni
dc.contributor.authorJartun, Morten
dc.contributor.authorRundberget, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorJenssen, Bjørn Munro
dc.contributor.authorHale, Sarah
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-12T10:35:40Z
dc.date.available2021-02-12T10:35:40Z
dc.date.created2021-01-20T08:34:26Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.citationEnvironmental Pollution (1987). 2020, 273 .en_US
dc.identifier.issn0269-7491
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2727680
dc.description.abstractThe entirety of the sediment bed in lake Tyrifjorden, Norway, is contaminated by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). A factory producing paper products and a fire station were investigated as possible sources. Fire station emissions were dominated by the eight carbon perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid (PFSA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), from aqueous film forming foams. Factory emissions contained PFOS, PFOS precursors (preFOS and SAmPAP), long chained fluorotelomer sulfonates (FTS), and perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCA). Concentrations and profiles in sediments and biota indicated that emissions originating from the factory were the main source of pollution in the lake, while no clear indication of fire station emissions was found. Ratios of linear-to branched-PFOS increased with distance from the factory, indicating that isomer profiles can be used to trace a point source. A dated sediment core contained higher concentrations in older sediments and indicated that two different PFAS products have been used at the factory, referred to here as Scotchban and FTS mixture. Modelling, based on the sediment concentrations, indicated that 42e189 tons Scotchban, and 2.4e15.6 tons FTS mixture, were emitted. Production of paper products may be a major PFAS point source, that has generally been overlooked. It is hypothesized that paper fibres released from such facilities are important vectors for PFAS transport in the aquatic environment.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titlePaper product production identified as the main source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a Norwegian lake: Source and historic emission trackingen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.source.pagenumber12en_US
dc.source.volume273en_US
dc.source.journalEnvironmental Pollution (1987)en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116259
dc.identifier.cristin1875051
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 268258en_US
dc.description.localcode© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).en_US
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal