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dc.contributor.authorDiodato, Nazzareno
dc.contributor.authorBertolin, Chiara
dc.contributor.authorBellocchi, Gianni
dc.date.accessioned2020-11-16T09:44:58Z
dc.date.available2020-11-16T09:44:58Z
dc.date.created2020-11-13T15:20:00Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.citationFrontiers in Earth Science. 2020, 8 .en_US
dc.identifier.issn2296-6463
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2687975
dc.description.abstractEmerging negative trends in snow depth and cover days highlight the challenges posed by changing snow patterns around the world. They suggest that snow-dependent regions in southern Europe could be affected by these changes because the number of days with snow on the ground (DSG) determines soil processes and water-flow in rivers, streams, lakes and reservoirs. We present here the first homogeneous, annually-resolved (from October to April), multi-centennial (1681–2018 CE) DSG time-series for the Parma meteorological observatory (OBS), in northern Italy, which to date is also the longest DSG series reconstructed in the world. DSG data are in fact still poorly documented and misunderstood due to the limited and fragmentary data measurements of the past. DSG recording only began in 1938 at Parma OBS. To generate the long-term annual DSG time-series at the study site, we develop a model consistent with calibration (1938–1990 CE) and validation (1991–2018 CE) samples of observed data. We show that the variability of DSG depends on winter precipitation and air temperature, as well as on winter-spring temperature variability, suggesting that long sequences of DSG are dominated by cold air masses in years with cold weather and high variability. Modeled DSG data show a downward trend from the 19th century, in the transition period from the cold of the Little Ice Age to the warmth of modern times, followed by a more rapid decline in the five most recent decades. The DSG at Parma OBS appear to have followed over the last century trends similar to those observed throughout Eurasia and across the Northern Hemisphere, where a marked decline of snow-cover duration has been reported in the transition seasons (spring and autumn).en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediaen_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleMulti-decadal variability in the snow-cover reconstruction at Parma Observatory (northern Italy, 1681-2018 CE)en_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.source.pagenumber15en_US
dc.source.volume8en_US
dc.source.journalFrontiers in Earth Scienceen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/feart.2020.561148
dc.identifier.cristin1847833
dc.description.localcode© 2020 Diodato, Bertolin and Bellocchi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.en_US
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