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dc.contributor.authorKvammen, Øivind
dc.contributor.authorMyklebust, Tor Åge
dc.contributor.authorSolberg, Arne
dc.contributor.authorMøller, Bjørn
dc.contributor.authorKlepp, Olbjørn
dc.contributor.authorFosså, Sophie Dorothea
dc.contributor.authorTandstad, Torgrim
dc.date.accessioned2020-01-21T08:01:29Z
dc.date.available2020-01-21T08:01:29Z
dc.date.created2020-01-14T12:16:46Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.identifier.citationPLOS ONE. 2019, 14 (12), 1-19.nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2637109
dc.description.abstractBackground Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) patients and survivors have excess mortality compared to the general male population, but relative survival (RS) has been scarcely studied. We investigated causes of excess mortality and their impact on RS among men diagnosed with TGCT in Norway, 1953–2015. Methods and findings Using registry data (n = 9541), standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and RS were calculated. By December 31st, 2015, 816 testicular cancer (TC) and 1508 non-TC deaths had occurred (non-TC SMR: 1.36). Within five years of TGCT diagnosis, 80% were TC deaths. Non-TC second cancer (SC) caused 65% of excess non-TC deaths, of which 34% from gastric, pancreatic or bladder cancer. SC SMRs remained elevated ≥26 years of follow-up. In localized TGCT diagnosed >1979, SC SMRs were only elevated after seminoma. Cardiovascular disease caused 9% and other causes 26% of excess non-TC deaths, of which 58% from gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders. RS continuously declined with follow-up. TGCT patients diagnosed >1989 had superior five-year TC-specific RS (98.3%), lower non-TC SMR (1.21), but elevated SMRs for several SCs, infections, Alzheimer’s disease, genitourinary disease and suicide. A limitation was lack of individual treatment data. Conclusions RS declines mainly from TC deaths <5 years after TGCT diagnosis. Later, excess SC mortality becomes particularly important, reducing RS even ≥26 years. Radiotherapy; standard adjuvant seminoma treatment 1980–2007, is likely an important contributor, as are chemotherapy and possibly innate susceptibilities. Vigilant long-term follow-up, including psychosocial aspects, is important. Further research should focus on identifying survivor risk groups and optimizing treatment.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherPublic Library of Science (PLOS)nb_NO
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleCauses of inferior relative survival after testicular germ cell tumor diagnosed 1953–2015: A population-based prospective cohort studynb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionnb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber1-19nb_NO
dc.source.volume14nb_NO
dc.source.journalPLOS ONEnb_NO
dc.source.issue12nb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0225942
dc.identifier.cristin1772288
dc.description.localcodeCopyright: © 2019 Kvammen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.nb_NO
cristin.unitcode194,65,15,0
cristin.unitcode1920,12,0,0
cristin.unitnameInstitutt for klinisk og molekylær medisin
cristin.unitnameKreftklinikken
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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