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dc.contributor.authorRestrepo, Eliette
dc.contributor.authorLøvik, Amund Nordli
dc.contributor.authorWidmer, Rolf
dc.contributor.authorWäger, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorMueller, Daniel Beat
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-09T07:16:51Z
dc.date.available2019-04-09T07:16:51Z
dc.date.created2019-03-31T19:59:13Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.identifier.citationResources. 2019, 8 (58), 1-20.nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn2079-9276
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2593786
dc.description.abstractCar electronics form a large but poorly utilized source for secondary critical raw materials (CRMs). To capitalize on this potential, it is necessary to understand the mechanism in which car electronics enter and exit the vehicle fleet over time. We analyze the historical penetration of selected car electronic control systems (ECS) in 65,475 car models sold in the past 14 years by means of statistical learning. We find that the historical penetration of ECS tends to follow S-shaped curves, however with substantial variations in penetration speed and saturation level. Although electronic functions are increasing rapidly, comfort-related ECS tend to remain below 40% penetration even after 14 years on the market. In contrast, safety regulations lead to rapid ECS penetration approaching 100%, while environmental emission regulations seem to indirectly push related ECS to a medium penetration level (e.g., growing to 60% after six years). The trend towards integration of individual ECS poses long-term challenges for car electronics dismantling and recycling. Monitoring the ECS embedded in new cars, such as carried out in this study, can inform timely updates for such strategies. The results also provide a framework for developing scenarios to identify related future CRM stocks and flows.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherMDPInb_NO
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleHistorical Penetration Patterns of Automobile Electronic Control Systems and Implications for Critical Raw Materials Recyclingnb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionnb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber1-20nb_NO
dc.source.volume8nb_NO
dc.source.journalResourcesnb_NO
dc.source.issue58nb_NO
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/resources8020058
dc.identifier.cristin1689275
dc.description.localcode© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).nb_NO
cristin.unitcode194,64,25,0
cristin.unitnameInstitutt for energi- og prosessteknikk
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal