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dc.contributor.authorKistenich, Sonja
dc.contributor.authorHalvorsen, Rune
dc.contributor.authorSchrøder-Nielsen, Audun
dc.contributor.authorThorbek, Birgitte Lisbeth Graae
dc.contributor.authorTimdal, Einar
dc.contributor.authorBendiksby, Mika
dc.date.accessioned2019-03-21T08:48:07Z
dc.date.available2019-03-21T08:48:07Z
dc.date.created2019-01-23T10:53:21Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.identifier.citationFrontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 2019, .nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn2296-701X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2590984
dc.description.abstractBiological specimens in natural history collections worldwide are increasingly being used in biogeographical, environmental, and taxonomic studies. For their meaningful use, correct species identification is crucial. For example, clarifying if a species is new to science requires an overview of what has already been described. This includes comparisons with existing authoritative specimens (types). Most type specimens are rather old and their DNA expected to be degraded to various extents. Comparative DNA sequence analysis is in regular use in taxonomic research of today and is essential for identifying and delimiting species. In this study, we focus on lichenized fungi (lichens), in which many species groups are highly inconspicuous and impossible to identify to species based on morphology alone. Our aim was to test the non-mutually exclusive hypotheses that DNA quality of lichens depends on (1) time since collection, (2) taxonomic affinity, and/or (3) habitat/ecology. We included two species from each of four different lichen genera (i.e., Cladonia, Nephroma, Peltigera, and Ramalina), each species pair with a different autecology. For each species, we included samples from approximately every 25 years from present to about 150 years back in time. We used a two-step PCR-based approach followed by sequencing on an Ion Torrent PGM to produce target sequences (mtSSU) of degraded DNA. We received satisfactory DNA sequence information for 54 of 56 specimens. We recovered full-length sequences for several more than 100-years-old specimens, including a 127-years-old specimen, and retrieved enough sequence information for species identification of a 150-years-old specimen. As expected, sequencing success was negatively correlated with age of the specimens. It also varied with taxonomic affinity. We found no significant correlation between sequencing success and habitat ecology of the investigated specimens. The herein tested Ion Torrent sequencing approach outperformed Sanger sequencing with regard to sequencing success and efficiency. We find the protocol used herein highly suitable for obtaining sequences from both young and old lichen specimens and discuss potential improvements to it.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherFrontiers Medianb_NO
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleDNA Sequencing Historical Lichen Specimensnb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionnb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber20nb_NO
dc.source.journalFrontiers in Ecology and Evolutionnb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fevo.2019.00005
dc.identifier.cristin1663514
dc.description.localcodeCopyright © 2019 Kistenich, Halvorsen, Schrøder-Nielsen, Thorbek, Timdal and Bendiksby. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.nb_NO
cristin.unitcode194,31,10,0
cristin.unitnameInstitutt for naturhistorie
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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