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dc.contributor.authorFernández-Méndez, Mar
dc.contributor.authorOlsen, Lasse Mork
dc.contributor.authorKauko, Hanna M.
dc.contributor.authorMeyer, Amelie
dc.contributor.authorRösel, Anja
dc.contributor.authorMerkouriadi, Ioanna
dc.contributor.authorMundy, Christopher John
dc.contributor.authorEhn, Jens K.
dc.contributor.authorJohansson, Malin
dc.contributor.authorWagner, Penelope Mae
dc.contributor.authorErvik, Åse
dc.contributor.authorSorrell, BK
dc.contributor.authorDuarte, Pedro
dc.contributor.authorWold, Anette
dc.contributor.authorHop, Haakon
dc.contributor.authorAssmy, Phillipp
dc.date.accessioned2018-03-13T08:37:01Z
dc.date.available2018-03-13T08:37:01Z
dc.date.created2018-01-31T13:04:39Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.identifier.issn2296-7745
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2490219
dc.description.abstractDuring the N-ICE2015 drift expedition north-west of Svalbard, we observed the establishment and development of algal communities in first-year ice (FYI) ridges and at the snow-ice interface. Despite some indications of being hot spots for biological activity, ridges are under-studied largely because they are complex structures that are difficult to sample. Snow infiltration communities can grow at the snow-ice interface when flooded. They have been commonly observed in the Antarctic, but rarely in the Arctic, where flooding is less common mainly due to a lower snow-to-ice thickness ratio. Combining biomass measurements and algal community analysis with under-ice irradiance and current measurements as well as light modeling, we comprehensively describe these two algal habitats in an Arctic pack ice environment. High biomass accumulation in ridges was facilitated by complex surfaces for algal deposition and attachment, increased light availability, and protection against strong under-ice currents. Notably, specific locations within the ridges were found to host distinct ice algal communities. The pennate diatoms Nitzschia frigida and Navicula species dominated the underside and inclined walls of submerged ice blocks, while the centric diatom Shionodiscus bioculatus dominated the top surfaces of the submerged ice blocks. Higher light levels than those in and below the sea ice, low mesozooplankton grazing, and physical concentration likely contributed to the high algal biomass at the snow-ice interface. These snow infiltration communities were dominated by Phaeocystis pouchetii and chain-forming pelagic diatoms (Fragilariopsis oceanica and Chaetoceros gelidus). Ridges are likely to form more frequently in a thinner and more dynamic ice pack, while the predicted increase in Arctic precipitation in some regions in combination with the thinning Arctic icescape might lead to larger areas of sea ice with negative freeboard and subsequent flooding during the melt season. Therefore, these two habitats are likely to become increasingly important in the new Arctic with implications for carbon export and transfer in the ice-associated ecosystem.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherFrontiers Medianb_NO
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleAlgal hot spots in a changing Arctic Ocean: Sea-ice ridges and the snow-ice interfacenb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionnb_NO
dc.source.volume5nb_NO
dc.source.journalFrontiers in Marine Sciencenb_NO
dc.source.issue75nb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fmars.2018.00075
dc.identifier.cristin1558497
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 237906nb_NO
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 233896nb_NO
dc.description.localcodeCopyright © 2018 Fernández-Méndez, Olsen, Kauko, Meyer, Rösel, Merkouriadi, Mundy, Ehn, Johansson, Wagner, Ervik, Sorrell, Duarte, Wold, Hop and Assmy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)nb_NO
cristin.unitcode194,64,91,0
cristin.unitnameInstitutt for bygg- og miljøteknikk
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal