dc.contributor.author | Kennedy, Mark William | |
dc.contributor.author | Tianming, Sun | |
dc.contributor.author | Yurramendi, Lourdes | |
dc.contributor.author | Arnout, Sander | |
dc.contributor.author | Aune, Ragnhild Elizabeth | |
dc.contributor.author | Tranell, Gabriella | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-01-22T09:03:29Z | |
dc.date.available | 2018-01-22T09:03:29Z | |
dc.date.created | 2018-01-20T21:45:39Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy. 2017, 3 (4), 846-857. | nb_NO |
dc.identifier.issn | 2199-3831 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2478609 | |
dc.description.abstract | Apatite, Ca5(PO4)3F, is a useful raw material for the production of both elemental phosphorus and phosphoric acid, and the mine tailings present at Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB (LKAB) in Kiruna, Sweden, represent a significant potential European source of apatite if upgraded to a concentrate. In the present study, pilot apatite concentrate made from the LKAB tailings has been pyrometallurgically treated using carbon to extract phosphorus without fluxing at temperatures exceeding 1800 °C, with the ultimate objective of recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from the resulting slag/residue phases. Experimental behavior has been modeled using equilibrium thermodynamic predictions performed using HSC®. A process is proposed, and mass–energy balance presented, for the simultaneous production of P4 and CaC2 (ultimately for acetylene, C2H2, and PVC production) from apatite, producing a lime residue significantly enriched in REEs. Possible implications to kiln-based processing of apatite are also discussed. | nb_NO |
dc.language.iso | eng | nb_NO |
dc.publisher | Springer Verlag | nb_NO |
dc.relation.uri | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40831-017-0148-y | |
dc.rights | Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal | * |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no | * |
dc.title | Pyrometallurgical Treatment of Apatite Concentrate with the Objective of Rare Earth Element Recovery: Part II | nb_NO |
dc.type | Journal article | nb_NO |
dc.description.version | publishedVersion | nb_NO |
dc.source.pagenumber | 846-857 | nb_NO |
dc.source.volume | 3 | nb_NO |
dc.source.journal | Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy | nb_NO |
dc.source.issue | 4 | nb_NO |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1007/s40831-017-0148-y | |
dc.identifier.cristin | 1548462 | |
dc.description.localcode | © The Author(s) 2017. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) | nb_NO |
cristin.unitcode | 194,66,35,0 | |
cristin.unitname | Institutt for materialteknologi | |
cristin.ispublished | true | |
cristin.fulltext | original | |