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dc.contributor.authorLadstein, Jarle
dc.contributor.authorEvensmoen, Hallvard Røe
dc.contributor.authorHåberg, Asta
dc.contributor.authorKristoffersen, Anders
dc.contributor.authorGoa, Pål Erik
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-03T09:01:47Z
dc.date.available2018-01-03T09:01:47Z
dc.date.created2016-09-26T12:56:28Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.identifier.issn1662-4548
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2474230
dc.description.abstractPurpose: To compare 2D and 3D echo-planar imaging (EPI) in a higher cognitive level fMRI paradigm. In particular, to study the link between the presence of task-correlated physiological fluctuations and motion and the fMRI contrast estimates from either 2D EPI or 3D EPI datasets, with and without adding nuisance regressors to the model. A signal model in the presence of partly task-correlated fluctuations is derived, and predictions for contrast estimates with and without nuisance regressors are made. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one healthy volunteers were scanned using 2D EPI and 3D EPI during a virtual environmental learning paradigm. In a subgroup of 7 subjects, heart rate and respiration were logged, and the correlation with the paradigm was evaluated. FMRI analysis was performed using models with and without nuisance regressors. Differences in the mean contrast estimates were investigated by analysis-of-variance using Subject, Sequence, Day, and Run as factors. The distributions of group level contrast estimates were compared. Results: Partially task-correlated fluctuations in respiration, heart rate and motion were observed. Statistically significant differences were found in the mean contrast estimates between the 2D EPI and 3D EPI when using a model without nuisance regressors. The inclusion of nuisance regressors for cardiorespiratory effects and motion reduced the difference to a statistically non-significant level. Furthermore, the contrast estimate values shifted more when including nuisance regressors for 3D EPI compared to 2D EPI. Conclusion: The results are consistent with 3D EPI having a higher sensitivity to fluctuations compared to 2D EPI. In the presence partially task-correlated physiological fluctuations or motion, proper correction is necessary to get expectation correct contrast estimates when using 3D EPI. As such task-correlated physiological fluctuations or motion is difficult to avoid in paradigms exploring higher cognitive functions, 2D EPI seems to be the preferred choice for higher cognitive level fMRI paradigms.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherFrontiers Medianb_NO
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleEffect of task-correlated physiological fluctuations and motion in 2D and 3D echo-planar imaging in a higher cognitive level fMRI paradigmnb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionnb_NO
dc.source.volume10:225nb_NO
dc.source.journalFrontiers in Neurosciencenb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fnins.2016.00225
dc.identifier.cristin1385562
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 237887nb_NO
dc.description.localcodeCopyright © 2016 Ladstein, Evensmoen, Håberg, Kristoffersen and Goa. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)nb_NO
cristin.unitcode194,65,25,0
cristin.unitcode194,65,30,0
cristin.unitcode194,66,20,0
cristin.unitnameInstitutt for sirkulasjon og bildediagnostikk
cristin.unitnameInstitutt for nevromedisin og bevegelsesvitenskap
cristin.unitnameInstitutt for fysikk
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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