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Vapor-liquid equilibrium measurement data for the two binary systems carbon dioxide + nitrogen and carbon dioxide + oxygen

Westman, Snorre Foss
Doctoral thesis
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2390180
Date
2016
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  • Institutt for energi og prosessteknikk [3308]
Abstract
This thesis presents new, accurate, isothermal vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE)

measurement data for the two binary systems carbon dioxide and nitrogen

(CO2+N2) and carbon dioxide and oxygen (CO2+O2). These measurements

contribute to meeting the demand for thermophysical property data for the

CO2-rich mixtures that will be handled within carbon capture, transport and

storage (CCS), the focus in this work being the conditioning and transport

processes within the CCS chain.

The thermophysical properties of pure CO2 are relatively well described by accurate

equations of state and models. However, as a trade-off between the cost

of capturing CO2 within CCS and the required purity of the captured CO2 has

to be made, it is expected that different impurities will be present in the captured

CO2 stream. These impurities can significantly affect the thermophysical

behavior of the mixture compared to that of pure CO2, and impact how processes

within the CCS chain should be designed and operated. Examples of

these changes in behavior are the possibility for an increase in the minimum

operating pressure to keep the mixture in dense phase during transport, and

an increase in the required compressor work required to bring the mixture up

to this pressure. In addition, the behavior of CO2 with impurities during depressurization

of a pipeline, either as a planned operation or in the case of a

pipeline rupture, differs from the behavior of pure CO2 in ways that can influence

safety aspects of the operation.

To be able to make safe and economic decisions of how to design and operate

these parts of the CCS chain, knowledge about the thermophysical properties of

the CO2-rich mixtures that will be handled is required. Several recent literature

studies have revealed large gaps in the thermophysical data for these CO2-rich

mixtures, and modeling efforts have been limited by the lack of data and the

dubious accuracy of some of the existing data.

The VLE measurements presented in this thesis contribute to achieving more knowledge about the thermophysical properties of CO2-rich mixtures. This can

contribute to achieving the goal of the development of a reference equation of

state for the mixtures handled within CCS, which has been identified by several

authors as one of the hindrances for the development and realization of CCS.

The measurements of the VLE of CO2+N2 were carried out to validate the

experimental apparatus, as there existed significant amounts of data for this

system, some of which were of high quality. Equations of state describing this

system were also readily available for comparison. In addition to validating the

apparatus, the measurement campaign also resulted in new data for several

temperature and pressure states where no data could be found in the open

literature.

The VLE measurements of the CO2+O2 system cover six temperatures from

close to the triple point temperature (216.59 K) to close to the critical temperature

of pure CO2 (304.13 K), and range from the vapor pressure of pure CO2

to close to the mixture critical point at each temperature. The VLE measurements

reconcile the inconsistencies in the literature data for this system, noted

in several literature reviews and modeling efforts. The measurements significantly

improve the thermodynamic data situation for this system, and form the

basis for improving equations of state.
Has parts
Paper 1: S.F. Westman, H.G.J. Stang, S.W. Løvseth, A. Austegard, I. Snustad, S.Ø. Størset, I.S. Ertesvåg, Vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the carbon dioxide and nitrogen (CO2 + N2) system at the temperatures 223, 270, 298 and 303 K and pressures up to 18 MPa, Fluid Phase Equilib. 409 (2016) 207-241 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2015.09.034 The article in is reprinted with kind permission from Elsevier, sciencedirect.com

Paper 2: S.F. Westman, H.G.J. Stang, S.W. Løvseth, A. Austegard, I. Snustad, I.S. Ertesvåg, Vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the carbon dioxide and oxygen (CO2 + O2) system at the temperatures 218, 233, 253, 273, 288 and 298 K and pressures up to 14 MPa http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2016.04.002 © 2016. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Publisher
NTNU
Series
Doctoral thesis at NTNU;2016:118

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