• Bloomery ironmaking in Latvia: a comparative study of Iron Age and medieval technologies 

      Rundberget, Bernt; Vasks, Andrejs; Gundersen, Ingar Mørkestøl; Brūzis, Rūdolfs; Larsen, Jan Henning; Bebre, Viktorija; Inga, Donina; Arturs, Viksna (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018)
      The technology of bloomery iron production in Latvia is a little-studied topic. Only a few excavations have been undertaken, mostly during the 1950s and 60s in connection with hydropower development along the river Daugava. ...
    • Gone to smelt iron in Courland: technology transfer in the development of an early modern industry 

      Jakovleva, Marite; Auzina, Dita; Bruzis, Rudolfs; Gundersen, Ingar Mørkestøl; Rundberget, Bernt; Bebre, Viktorija; Donina, Inga; Klava, Valda; Straube, Gvido; Berzins, Valdis; Viksna, Arturs; Actins, Andris; Meija, Raimonds; Popovs, Konrads; Upmalis, Raitis; Parfentev, Anton (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      SUMMARY: In the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, corresponding to the southern and western parts of present-day Latvia, an iron industry based on blast-furnace technology, mainly using local bog iron ore, existed in the ...