• Cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin/β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 predicts cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease 

      Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind; Nordengen, Kaja; Selnes, Per; Waterloo, Knut; Torsetnes, Silje Bøen; Gisladottir, Berglind; Brix, Britta; Eugeen, Vanmechelen; Bråthen, Geir; Hessen, Erik; Aarsland, Dag; Fladby, Tormod (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      Introduction The cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin (Ng)/β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) ratio may reflect synaptic affection resulting from reduced beta-amyloid (Aβ) clearance. We hypothesize that ...
    • Demographically adjusted CERAD wordlist test norms in a Norwegian sample from 40 to 80 years 

      Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind; Espenes, Ragna; Hessen, Erik; Waterloo, Knut; Johnsen, Stein Harald; Gundersen, Elisabeth; Sando, Sigrid Botne; Grøntvedt, Gøril Rolfseng; Timón, Santiago; Fladby, Tormod (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Background/Objective: In recent years, several slightly younger cohorts have been established in order to study the preclinical and prodromal phases of dementia. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease ...
    • Demographically adjusted trail making test norms in a Scandinavian sample from 41 to 84 years 

      Espenes, Johan Jacob; Hessen, Erik; Eliassen, Ingvild Vøllo; Waterloo, Knut; Eckerström, Marie; Sando, Sigrid Botne; Timón, Santiago; Wallin, Anders; Fladby, Tormod; Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Objective The trail making test (TMT) is one of the most widely used neuropsychological tests. TMT-A provides measures of visual scanning/visuomotor speed and TMT-B involves additional demands on executive functions. ...
    • Glial activation and inflammation along the Alzheimer's disease continuum 

      Nordengen, Kaja; Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind; Henjum, Kristi; Selnes, Per; Gisladottir, Berglind; Wettergreen, Marianne; Torsetnes, Silje Bøen; Grøntvedt, Gøril Rolfseng; Waterloo, Knut; Aarsland, Dag; Nilsson, Lars; Fladby, Tormod (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Background Neuronal and glial cell interaction is essential for synaptic homeostasis and may be affected in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neuronal and glia markers along the AD continuum, ...
    • In Brief Neuropsychological Assessment, Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Is associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Cognitive Decline in Contrast to the Prevailing NIA-AA MCI Criterion 

      Hessen, Erik; Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind; Eriksson, Cecilia Magdalena; Eliassen, Carl Fredrik Andestad; Nakling, Arne; Bråthen, Geir; Waterloo, Knut; Aarsland, Dag; Fladby, Tormod (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Background: In the care of persons with cognitive problems, it is important to use a valid mild cognitive impairment (MCI) criterion that discriminates well between normal and pathological aging. Objective: To find ...
    • Longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid measurements show glial hypo- and hyperactivation in predementia Alzheimer’s disease 

      Nordengen, Kaja; Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind Seljelid; Richter, Grit; Pålhaugen, Lene; Gisladottir, Berglind; Siafarikas, Nikias Ioannis; Nakling, Arne Exner; Rongve, Arvid; Bråthen, Geir; Grøntvedt, Gøril Rolfseng; Gonzalez, Fernando; Waterloo, Knut; Sharma, Kulbhushan; Karikari, Thomas; Vromen, Eleonora M.; Tijms, Betty M.; Visser, Pieter J.; Selnes, Per; Kramberger, Milicia G.; Winblad, Bengt; Blennow, Kaj; Fladby, Tormod (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      Background Brain innate immune activation is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but degrees of activation may vary between disease stages. Thus, brain innate immune activation must be assessed in longitudinal ...
    • Predictive and diagnostic utility of brief neuropsychological assessment in detecting Alzheimer's pathology and progression to dementia 

      Eliassen, Ingvild Vøllo; Fladby, Tormod; Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind; Waterloo, Knut; Eckerström, Marie; Wallin, Anders; Bråthen, Geir; Aarsland, Dag; Hessen, Erik (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Objective: To assess the role of brief neuropsychological assessments in prediction and identification of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology and progression to AD dementia. Method: Adults (N = 255; range = 40–81 years) ...
    • Regression-Based Cognitive Change Norms Applied in Biochemically Defined Predementia Alzheimer’s Disease 

      Eliassen, Ingvild Vøllo; Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind; Fladby, Tormod; Waterloo, Knut; Sando, Sigrid Botne; Hemminghyth, Mathilde Suhr; Aarsland, Dag; Reina, Santiago Timon; Wallin, Anders; Öhman, Fredrik; Eckerström, Marie; Hessen, Erik (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Objective: We aim to develop 2-year cognitive change norms for adults ages 41–84 for six cognitive tests, and to evaluate these norms in groups with AD biomarkers. Background: Practice effects are common in repeated ...
    • Regression-based norms for the FAS phonemic fluency test for ages 40–84 based on a Norwegian sample 

      Lorentzen, Ingrid Myrvoll; Espenes, Johan Jacob; Hessen, Erik; Waterloo, Knut; Bråthen, Geir; Timón, Santiago; Aarsland, Dag; Fladby, Tormod; Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The FAS phonemic fluency test is a commonly used neuropsychological test of executive function and processing speed. Although Norwegian discrete norms have been developed for the FAS test, American regression-based norms ...
    • Screening for Alzheimer’s Disease: Cognitive Impairment in Self-Referred and Memory Clinic-Referred Patients 

      Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind Seljelid Bordewic; Espenes, Ragna; Waterloo, Knut; Hessen, Erik; Johnsen, Stein Harald; Bråthen, Geir; Aarsland, Dag; Fladby, Tormod (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      Background: Cognitive assessment is essential in tracking disease progression in AD. Presently, cohorts including preclinical at-risk participants are recruited by different means, which may bias cognitive and clinical ...
    • Stable cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 levels differentiate predementia Alzheimer's disease patients 

      Kirsebom, Bjørn-Eivind; Richter, Grit; Nordengen, Kaja; Aarsland, Dag; Bråthen, Geir; Tijms, Betty M; Visser, Pieter Jelle; Nilsson, Johanna; Selnes, Per; Kramberger, Milica G.; Winblad, Bengt; Waterloo, Knut; Gísladóttir, Berglind; Blennow, Kaj; Fladby, Tormod (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), neurogranin and the neurogranin/BACE1 ratio are proposed markers for Alzheimer’s disease. BACE1 is also a drug target. However, CSF ...