• On Effective Degrees of Freedom in the Early Universe 

      Husdal, Lars (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016)
      We explore the effective degrees of freedom in the early Universe, from before the electroweak scale at a few femtoseconds after the Big Bang until the last positrons disappeared a few minutes later. We look at the established ...
    • Viscous Phenomena and Entropy Production in the Early Universe 

      Husdal, Lars (Doctoral theses at NTNU;2017:197, Doctoral thesis, 2017)
      During the very first fraction of a second after the Big Bang, the Universe were populated by all the particles in the Standard Model of elementary particles: From the massive top quark to the massless photons and gluons. ...