Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of a novel thienopyrimidine with phototoxicity towards rat glioma F98 cells
Gederaas, Odrun Arna; Sørensen, Andreas S.; Lindgren, Mikael; Melø, Thor Bernt; Altin, Dag; Flatby, Ellen M. Samdahl; Høgset, Anders; Hoff, Bård Helge
Peer reviewed, Journal article
Published version
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https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3022809Utgivelsesdato
2022Metadata
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Originalversjon
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry. 2022, 10 100114-?. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2022.100114Sammendrag
Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most aggressive cancer forms in humans, and has low recovery rates after surgery, ionizing radiation and chemotherapy. Therefore, there is a high interest in the development of new treatment methods, as for instance photodynamic therapy (PDT). It is here presented results of the cytotoxic properties of the novel compound N1-(4-(4-(benzyl(methyl)amino)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)benzyl)-N2,N2-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine (1), which was found ten-fold more active on the rat glioma cell model F98 than the reference drug Temozolomide (TMZ). Further cell survival studies showed a profound increase in F98 cell death on UVA-radiation (330 nm, 0.5 mW/cm2). Photochemical internalization induced delivery of compound 1, but in contrast to the cytostatic drug Bleomycin, a higher cytotoxicity was not observed. Localization studies using fluorescence microscopy revealed that compound 1 readily internalized into the cytosol but did not enter the cell nucleus. The compound was shown to be a relatively weak epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, which is not likely to explain its cytotoxicity. However, the quantum efficiency for generation of singlet oxygen was 23%, suggesting generation of reactive oxygen species as one possible mechanism. Although more studies are needed to reveal detailed mode of action, compound 1 is a promising photosensitizer candidate for further development in tests of animal models.